250 



a". General colour dark ashy grey, including 



the inner secondaries grus, p. 250. 



b". General colour pearly grey, the inner 



secondaries inclining to white lilfordi, p. 252. 



b' . Throat light ashy grey, like the cheeks ; no 

 white on the sides of the neck; greater 

 wing-coverts ashy, with rust-coloured 

 edgings, hut no black on the inner wehs ; 



hinder crown and nape dark sandy colour . mexicana juv., p. 254. 

 c'. Throat white ; crown bare, red, and covered 

 with papillffi ; hinder crown, nape, and 

 neck light grey. 



c". Larger : tarsus from 9"9 to 10'2 mexicana, p. 254. 



d''. Smaller : tarsus from 6-7 to 8'5 canadensis, p. 256. 



d' . Throat white like the head and the gi-eater 

 part of the sides of the neck, as well as the 

 hinder neck ; fore part of crown black .... monachus, p. 257. 



Tail blackish ; throat and neck blackish nigricollis, p. 258. 



Tail pure white, like the back and underparts ; 

 secondaries black ; throat, sides of face, and 

 neck dark slaty grey ; ear-coverts and hind 

 neck white japonensis, p. 258. 



1. Grus grus. 



The Crane, Albin, Nat. Hist. B. ii. p. 60, pi. 65 (1738). 



La Grue, Briss. Orn. v. p. 374, pi. xxxiii. (1760) ; Dauhent. PI. Enl. 

 viii. pi. 769 ; Bujf. Hist. Nat. Ois. vii. p. 287, pi. 14 (1780). 



Ardea grus, Linn. Si/st. Nat. i. p. 234 (1766); Gm. Syst. Nat. i. 

 p. 620 (1788). 



Common Crane, Lath. Gen. Syn. ill. pt. i. p. 40 (1785) ; Yarr. Brit. 

 B. ii. p. 437 (184.3). 



Grus commimis, Bechst. Naturg. JieutscTi. iii. p. 60 (1793) ; id. Orn. 

 Taschenb. ii. p. 271 (1803) ; Dresser, B. Eur. vii. p. 337, pi. 505 

 (1873) ; Irby, Orn. Gibr. p. 179 (1875) ; Daiif. S)- Harvie Broken, 

 Ibis, 1875, p. 424 (Transylvania) ; Blanf. East. Persia, ii. p. 286 

 (1876); Forbes, P. Z. S. 1881, p. 644 (anatomy); Gigl. Ibis, 

 1881, p. 212 (breeding near Venice) ; Tegetm. ed, Blyih, Monoqr. 

 Cranes, p. 59 (1881) ; B. O. U. List Brit. B. p. 152 (188.3) ; 

 Saunders, ed. Yarr. Brit. B. iii. p. 178 (1883) ; id. Ibis, 1884, 

 p. 388 (E. Pyrenees) ; Tristr. Faun. ^- Flor. Palest, p. 126 (1884) ; 

 Bogd. Consjy. Av. Imp. Boss. p. 106 (1884) ; Beid, Ibis, 1885, 

 p. 252 (Morocco) ; Gif/l. Avif. Ital. p. 360 (1886) ; Sahad. Elench. 

 Ucc. Ital. p. 2.39 (1887); Tait, Ibis, 1887, p. 383 (Portugal); 

 Begalia, Proc. Verb. Soc. Toscana Sci. Nat. 1888, p. 86 ; Reichen. 

 Syst. Verz. Vog. Deutschl. p. 44 (1889) ; Saunders, Man. Brit. B. 

 p. 507 (1889) ; Gigl. Avif. Ital., 1st Eesoc. p. 555 (1889), 2ud Eesoc. 

 p. 652 (1890), 3rd Eesoc. p. 512 (1891). 



Grus cinerea, Meyer Sf Wolf, TascJienb. ii. p. 350 (1810) ; Vieill. N. 

 Diet, d'llist. Nat. xiii! p. 5-56 (1817); Te7tim. Man. d'Orn. 

 p. 557 (1820) ; Boux, Orn. Provenq. pi. 326 (1825) ; Werner, 

 Atlas, Coureurs, pi. 17 (1828) ; Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 570 

 (1831) ; Gould, B. Eur. iv. pi. 270 (1837) ; Naum. Vog. Deutschl. 

 ix. p. 345, pi. 231 (1838) ; Bp. Comp. List B. Eur. ^- N. Amer. 

 p. 46 (1838); Crespon, Orn. Gard, p. 374 (1840) ; Keys. u. Bias. 

 Wirb. Eur. p. Ixix (1840); Selys-Longch. Faune Beige, p. 134 



