3. SARCOGERAN'US. 261 



1. Sarcogeranus leucogeranus. 



Grus leucogoranus, Pall. Jicis. liu-^s. Rvich^, ii. Anhansr, p. 711 

 tab. F. (177-"}); id. Zonyr. Rosm-Asiat. ii. p. 103 (1811: Lena 

 River: IJauria) ; Wayl. Si/st. Av., Grus, sp. 5 (1827) ; Temm. I'l. 

 Col. V. pi. 407 (1829) : Gonld, Ii. Eur. iv. pi. 271 (1837); Ketfs. i^- 

 Bias. Wirh. Eur. pp. lix, 20(5 (1840) ; Nordin. in Deinid. Voy. Russ. 

 Merid. iii. p. 2G(j (1840: Ekatorinoslaw ; Voljra ; Caspian); Gray, 

 List GralUe Brit. Mus. p. 74 (^1844) ; id. Gen.B. iii. p. o52 (1845) ; 

 Temm. i^ Schl. Faun. Japan, p. 118, pi. 73 (18o0) ; Schrenck, Reis. 

 Amur-L, Viiy. p. 407 (18o9) ; Irby, Ihis, 1861, p. 343 (Oudh) ; Stcinh. 

 P. Z. S. 1863, p. 308 (N. China) ; Radde, Rei'i. Sibir., Viiq. p. •".12 

 (1863 : N. Mouf,'olia) ; Jerd. B. Ind. iii. p. 663 (1864) ; S'chl. Mus. 

 Pai/s-Bas, Ralli, p. 5 (186.>) ; Der/l. ^ Gerhe, Orn. Eur. ii. p. 277 

 (1867) ; Bh/th, Ibis, 1867, p. 106 (Oudh) ; Hume, Ibis, 1868, 

 p. 28 (N.W. India) ; Brooks, Ibis, 1869, p. 237 (Etawah) ; Elwes 

 Si- Buckley, Ihis, 1870, p. 383 (Macedonia) ; Fritsck, J'oy. Eur. 

 Taf. 41. fig. 1 (1870 1 ; Swink. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 403 (Leautung 

 Prov., breeding); A. Anderson, t. c. p. 677 (Futte^urh, Jan.); 

 Gray, Hand-l. B. iii. p. 25, no. 10088 (1871); Elwes, P. Z. S. 

 1873, p. 469; Severtz. Turkest. Jevotn. p. 68 (1873: ? breeding) ; 

 Hume, Str. F. i. p. 235 (1873 : Sind) ; Dresser, Ibis, 1876, p. 324; 

 Tac:. Bull. Soc. Ziml. France, i. p. 247 (1876) ; David S,- Oust. Ois. 

 Chine, p. 4-36 (1877) ; Dresser, B. Eur. vii. p. 359, pi. 507 (1878) ; 

 Blakist. Sf- Pri/er, Ibis, 1878, p. 224 (Japan) ; Butler, Str. F. vii. 

 p. 187 (E. Narra); id. Cat. B. Sind ^-c. p. 60 (1879) : Seeb. Ihi^, 

 1879, p. 149 (Yeuesei); Hume, Str. F. viii. p. 112 (1879) ; Dan/. 

 Ibis, 1880, p. 94 (Asia Minor) ; Hmne^- Marsh. Game B. Ind. iii. 

 p. 11, pi. 2 (1880); Reid, Str. F. x. p. 67 (1881: Lucknow); 

 Teyetm. ed. Blyth's Monoyr. Cranes, p. 38 (1881); Seeb. Ibis, 

 1882, p. 226 (Astrachau in spring) ; Forbes, P. Z. S. 1882, p. 352 ; 

 Blakist. Amended List B. Japan, p. 12 (1884 : not in Yezo), p. 42 

 (Nagasjiki) ; Boyd. Consp. Av. Imp. Ross. p. 108 (18S4) ; Railde, 

 Orn. Cauc. p. 391 (1884) ; Seeb. Ibis, 1884, p. 177 (Japan, winter) ; 

 Seeb. B. Japan. Emp. p. 349 (1890) ; Styan, Ilm, 1891, pp. 329, 

 502 (Lower Yangtze, winter) ; Eayle Clarke, Ibis, 1891, p. 635; 

 id. Annals Scot. X. H. i. p. 71 (1892). 



Ardea gigantea, <S'. G. Gmelin, R/'is. Russl. ii. p. 189 (1774). 



Grus gigantea, Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xiii. p. 558 (1817). 



Antigone leucogeranus, Reiclienb. Ilandb., Fulie. Xorit. Taf. civ. fiir«. 

 2859, 2860(1852); Bp. Consp. Av. ii. p. 99 (1854); id. C. Ii. 

 x.\xviii. p. 661 (1854). 



Leucogeranus giganteus, Bp. Cat. Coll. Parzad. p. 9 (1857). 



Grus polii. Yule, Book of Ser .Marco Poh, i. p. 262 (1871). 



Sarcogeranus leucogeranus, Sharpe, Bull. B.O.C. i. p. xxxvii (1893). 



Adult. General colour above and below, including the wings and 

 tail, white ; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and primaries white, 

 the latter with yellowish-white shafts; the secondary quills black, 

 including the long falcated inner secondaries, some of which are 

 more or less ashy grey, or white on the outer web ; crown of head 

 bare, black like the lores ; sides of head, ear-coverts, and entire 

 hind neck from the nape downwards white ; sides of face and checks, 

 as well as the sides of the neck and throat, slaty grey, joining on 

 the hind neck ; under wing-coverts white, with a few blotches of 

 ashy grey, forming an irregular bar across the wiug : " bill umber- 



