1. OTIS. 285 



(1873; bre^dinp^ ; Garrod, P. Z. S. 1874, pp. 471, 673 : 7r/y//, B. 

 Gi'ir. p. 147 (IH".")); IJiinf. ^- Harvie-Bnnoi, Ibi.'i, lb7o, p. 418 

 (Transylvania) ; Dresser, Ibis, 1870, p. '-'rjij ; Fa/Ion, Oi-s. JJc/i/. 

 p. 143 (187o) ; Blanf. Fm4. Persia, ii. p. 287 (187GJ ; Fimcli, Ihix, 

 1877, p. 41) (Tank) ; Dmif. t. c. p, 273 (Asia Minor) ; Tncz. Bull. 

 Soc. Zool. France, ii. p. 154 (1877: Poland); Danf. Ibis, 1878, 

 p. 34 ; Iliime ^- Marsh. Game-B. Ind. i. p. 1, ]il. i. (1878) ; Hutne, 

 Str. F. viii. p. Ill (1879) ; Boyd. B. Cauc. p. 148 (1879) ; Fmscli, 

 Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien, xxis. p. 241 (1879: Omsk, May; Saissan, 

 Nov.) ; llurtiiu), Zool. 1880, p. 2-"i2 ; Eayle Clarke, Vet'tehr. Faun. 

 FvrJcs/i. p. Cw (1881); Jl'. A. Forbes, Ibi'i, 1881, p. 22 ; Seeh. lids, 

 1882, p. 220 (Aslrachan), 1883, p. 27 (Caucasus); B. O. U. List 

 Brit. B. p. ir,3 (1883); Lilford, Ibis, 1883, p. 233 (Seville); 

 Saunders, ed. Yarr. Brit. B. iii. p. 193 (1883) ; Vhapm. Ibis, 1884, 

 p. 1G9; Seeb. Hist. Brit. B. ii. p. 581, pi 22 (1884); Saunders, 

 Ibis, 1884, p. 388 (Pvrenees) ; Tristr. Faun. (§■ F/or. Palest, p. 127 

 (1884) ; Badde, Orn. Cauc. p. 60 (1884) ; Reid, Ibis, 1885, p. 252 

 (Morocco); Schiavuzzi, Zeitschr. t/es. Orn. iii. p. 183 (1886: 

 Istria) ; GiqlioU, Avif. Ital. p. 3i;2 (1886) ; Salmd. Blench. Ucc. 

 Ital. p. 202 (1887) ; Tait, Ibis, 18S7, p. 383 (Portugal) ; Lilford, 

 Joum. North. Soc. iv. p. 267 (1887); Pleske, Mem. Acad. Imp. 

 St. Pe'tersb. (7) xxxvi. p. 50 (1888); Guillem. Ibis, 1888, p. 98; 

 Jacobi S( Wanyelin, Monatschr. Schutze Vor/eltv. 1889, pp. 409-432, 

 pi. 1 ; Saunders, Man. Brit. B. p. 509 (1889) ; Iteichen. Syst. Verz. 

 Viig. Deutschl. p. 45 (1889) ; Lilford, Ibis, 1889, p. 337 (Cyprus) ; 

 Gif/l. Avif. Ital. 1st liesoc. p. 557 (1889); id. 2nd Resoc.'p. 657 

 (1890); Sharpe, Tr. Linn. Son. (2) v. pt. 3, p. 87 (1889: Bala 

 Miirghab); Brusina, Motr. (Orn. Croatica), -p. Si (1890) ; Tegetm. 

 Field, Ixxv. p. 891 (1890); A. C. Smith, Wilts May. xxv. p. 359 

 (1891); Tuck, Trans. Norf. ^- None. Soc. v. p. 200 (1891); 

 Harting, Zool. xlix. p. 103 (1891); Reiser, Vog. Landesmus. 

 Sarajevo, -p. 105(1891); Madardsz, Erlctut. Ausst. Ungar. Vogelf. 

 p. \6l (1891) ; Brusina, Orn. Jahrb. ii. p 25 (1891 ) ; Ilartert, Ibis, 

 1892, p. 514 (E. Prussia) ; Lilford, Col. Fig. Br. B. pt. xxi. (1892). 



Otis major, Brehm, T'by. Deutschl. p. 351 (18^31). 



Otis tarda, /3. major, Severtz. J.f. O. 1875, p. 182. 



Adult male. General colour above Kandy rufous, broadly banded 

 across with black, the bands very strongly marked on the upper 

 back and scapulars, less so on the lower back and rump ; upper 

 tail-coverts and tail-feathers light bay or vinous-chestnut, barred 

 across with black, some of the bars broken up ; the tail-feathers 

 more or less distinctly tipped with white, the outer feathers white 

 at the base, the three outermost almost entirely white, with a broad 

 subterminal band of black ; lesser wing-coverts like the back, with 

 black bars, less closely arranged than on the back ; remainder of 

 wing-coverts, bastard-wing, and primary-coverts white, ])owdered 

 "with grey towards the end of the feathers ; (]uills brown with white 

 bases, the primaries whity-brown with white shafts, the outer web 

 and the tips blackish ; the secondaries blackish, white at the b;ise, 

 the white increasing in extent towards the inner secondaries, which 

 have a gradually decreasing extent of black tip till the last feathers 

 are quite white, the iniiemiost .secondaries being sandy rufous barred 

 with black like the back ; crown of head light grey, becoming 

 tinged with rufous ou the hind neck, which has numerous narrow 



