18 



PLarus columbinus, Scop. Ann. I. Hist. Nat. p. 83 (1769). 



La Guifette, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. viii. p. 339 (1781) ; Daubent. 

 PI. Enl. ix. pi. 333 (1781). 



La Guifette noire ou Epouvantail, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. viii. p. 341 

 (1781). 



L'Epouvantail, Daubent. PI. Enl. ix. pi. 924 (1781). 



The Black Tern, var. A, Lath. Gen. Syn. iii. pt. 2, p. 367 (1785). 



Sterna nubilosa, Sparrm, Mus, Cark. fasc. iii. no. 63, juv. (1786 : 

 Finland). 



Sterna boysii, y, Lath. Ind. Orn. ii.p. 806 (1790). 



Sterna fissipes. Lath, (nee Linn.) Ind. Orn. ii. p. 810 (1790); Bechst. 

 Naturg. Deutschl. ii. p. 838 (1791) ; lUiger. Prodr. p. 272 (1811); 

 Yarrell, Brit. B. ed. 2, iii. p. 523 (1845) ; Degl. Ois. Bur. ii. 

 p. 349 (1849) ; Brandt in Lehman7i's R. n. Buchara, p. 3.30 (1852: 

 N.E. Caspian); Schlegel, Mus. P.-B., Sternfe, p. 29 (1863); 

 Wright, Ibis. 1864, p. 153 (Malta) ; R. Gray, B. W. Scotl. p. 472 

 (1871) ; Sharpe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 614 ((^amaroons) ; Harting, 

 Handb. Br. B. p. 76 (1872) ; Blanf. East. Pers. ii. p. 294 (1876) ; 

 Alteon, Ornis, 1886, p. 425 (Dobrudscha) ; Madardsz, Ausst. 

 XJngar. Vogelf. p. 121 (1891). 



Hydrochelidon nigra, Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 563 ; Kaup, Natiirl. Syst. 

 pp. 109 & 196 (1829) ; Brehm, Vbg. Deutschl. p. 793 (1831) ; 

 Boie, Isis, 1844, pp. 179 & 184; Riipp.Sijst. Uebers. p. 139 (1845: 

 Arabian side of Eed Sea) ; Strickl. P. Z. S. 1850, p. 221 (Kor- 

 dofan) ; Reichenb. Syst. Nat. Vog. tab. iv. (1850) ; id. Av. Syst. 

 Nat, Longip. p. v (1852) ; Macgill. Br. B. v. p. 658 (1852) ; Brehm, 

 Naum. 1855, p. 295 ; id. Vogelf. p. 350 (1855) ; Hartl. Orn. W.-Afr. 

 p. 256 (1857) ; Tristr. Ibis, 1860, p. 82 (Western Sahara only) ; 

 Holtz, J.f. O. 1868, p. 126 (I. of^Gottland, breeds); Gould, B. 

 Gt. Br. V. pi. 75 (1873) ; Saunders, P. Z. S. 1876, p. 642 (revision) ; 

 Sharpe 8f Bouvier, Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. 1876, p. 314 (Banana, 

 Congo) ; Dresser, B. Eur. viii. p. 327, pi. 592 (1876) ; Saunders, 

 Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 1877, p. 201 (S. Spain) ; Giglioli, Iconogr. 

 Avif. Ital. fasc. vii. pi. 392 (1880) ; Bocage, Orn. Angola, p. 513 

 (1881 : Loango) ; Salvin, Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 622 (1882) ; Hume, 

 Rough Notes, vol. iii. (1883) ; Tristr. Faun. Sf Flor. Palest, p. 136 

 (1884 : Syrian Coast) ; Saunders, 4th ed. Yarr. Br. B. iii. p. 516 

 (1884) ; Biichner, Beitr. Russ. Reiches, (2) ii. p. 128 (188.5-6 : 

 St. Petersburg) ; Radde, Orn. Cauc. p. 487 (1884) ; Homeyer, 

 Ornis, 1885, p. 81 ; Lutke, Ornis, 1885, p. 46 (Denmark, breeds) ; 

 Torre ^ Tschusi, Ornis, 1885, p. 565 (Hungary, breeds) ; 

 Albarda, Ornis, 1885, p. 631 (Holland, breeds); Winge, Ornis, 

 1886, p. 592 (Denmark) ; Olphe-Gall. Faun. Orn. Exir. Occid. fasc. 

 xi. p. 49 (1886) ; Giglioli, Avif. Ital. p. 420 (1886) ; Salmd. Ucc. 

 Ital. p. 280 (1887) ; Booth, Rough Notes, iii. (1887) ; Feilden, 

 Zool. 1887, p. 73 (Faeroes) ; Hartert, MT. Orn. Ver. Wien, 

 1887 (East Prussia) ; Tail, Ibis, 1887, p. 394 (Portugal) ; Pleske, 

 Mem. Acad. St. Peter sb. (7) xxxvi. 3, p. 57 (1888 : Western Tur- 

 kestan) ; Taczan. Ornis, 1888,p. 606 (Poland) ; Guillemard, Ibis, 

 1889, p. 219, and Lilford, torn. cit. p. 348 (Cyprus) ; Reichenoto, 

 Syst. Verz. Vog. Deutschl. p. 60 (1889) ; Sousa, J. Sc. Lisboa, (2) 

 no. 2 (1889), p. 1 (Angola, first time so far south); Riesenth. 

 Wasservog. Mittel-europ. p. 146 (1889) ; Tristr. Cat. Coll. p. 8 

 (1889) ; Saunders, Man. Br. B. p. 617 (1889) ; Giglioli, i. Resoc. 

 Avif. Ital. p. 636 (1889) ; id. ii. Resoc. p. 653 (1890) ; id. iii. 

 Resoc. p. 512 (1891) ; Keller, Orn. Carinth. p. .308 (1890) ; Heine 

 Sf Reichen. Nomencl. Mus. Hein. p. 356 (1890) ; Saunders, Ibis, 

 1891, p. 187 (Lake L6man) ; Payton, Ibis, 1891, p. 465 (Mogador) ; 



