6. STEENA. 51 



k. Juv. sk. Betsey Cove, Kerguelen. H.M.S. ' Challenger ' 



Exped. 

 /. Ad. sk. Crozette Islands, 46° S. {E. L. Salvin-Godman Coll. 



Layard). 

 m. Ad. sk. (spirit). Kerguelen. H.M.S. ' Challenger ' 



Exped. 



5. Sterna vittata. 



Wreathed Tern, Lath. Gen. Sijn. iii. pt. 2, p. 359 (1785 : " Christmas 

 Island," ? Christmas Harbour, Kerguelen Island). 



Sterna vittata, Gm. S. N. i. p. 609 (1788) ; Lath. hid. Orn. ii. p. 807 

 (1790) ; Viem. N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxxii. p. 106 (1819) ; Gray, 

 Gen. B. iii. p. 659 (1846) ; Peheln, Reise Novara, Vog. p. 152 

 (1865 : adult, St. Paul's Island) ; Saunders, P. Z. S. 1876, p. 647 

 (revision Sternin») ; id. op. cit. 1877, p. 795 ; Sharpe, Phil. Tr. 

 clxviii. p. 113 (1878: Pep. Trans. Tentis; Kerguelen); Scmnders, 

 Juurn. Linn. Sue. xiv. p. 402 (1878, distribution) ; id. Voy. H.M.S. 

 ' Challenger,' ii. Birds, p. 134 (1881^: Tristan da Cunha Group 

 and Kerguelen Id.). 



Sterna coronata, Bonn. Enc. Meth. i. p. 95 (1790) (e.v Latham, 

 supra). 



Hydrocecropis coronata, Boie, Isis, 1844, p. 179. 



Sterna macrura (part.). Gray, List Anseres Brit. Mus. p. 178 (1844 : 

 spec, e, Kerguelen). 



Hydrocecropis vittata, Boie, Isis, 1844, p. 179. 



Sterna melanorhyncha (part.), Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 398 

 (1805: as regards MacgiUivray's examples from St. Paul's I.); 

 Pelzeln, Peise Novara, Vog. p. 154 (juv., St. Paul's I.). 



Sterna sancti-pauli, Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 399 (1865 : St. 

 Paul's I.). 



Sterna melanoptera, Velain, Arch. Zool. exp. et gen. vi. p. 53 (1877 : 

 St. Paul's I.). 



Adult in hreeding-plumage. Very similar to the preceding species, 

 but larger and generally of a paler grey ; the white moustachial 

 streak prolonged to the nape ; tail nearly white, only the outer 

 webs being of the palest grey ; shafts of primaries pure white : 

 bill and feet cherry-red in the living bird. Total length 16 inches, 

 culmen 1-45, wing 10-5, taU 7"o-b, depth of fork 4-o-5, tarsus 0-7, 

 middle toe and claw 0'95 ; claws stout and short, or worn by 

 attrition on the volcanic rock. 



Adult in winter. Forehead and crown mottled grey and black ; 

 otherwise like the above. 



Immature. Similar to the above, but underparts white, a faint 

 greyish band on the upper wing-coverts, and the outer webs of tail- 

 feathers distinctly grey : biU and feet dull livid red to blackish. 



Taunt/. Paler than in S. virgata and white on the abdomen ; 

 the upper parts spangled and barred with whitish buff and black, 

 much as in the next species S. hirundinacea. 



Although a stouter and generally larger bird, S. vittata is not 

 unlike the Arctic Tern, S. macrura, which sometimes wanders far 

 South, but the former may always be distinguished by the greater 

 breadth of the grey line oa the primaries inside the shaft. 



£2 



