6. STKRNA. 



93 



to the northern part of Australia (" /S'.^jeZt'CWHOuZt's"'). There and 

 in the ^lohiccas they meet and blend M'ith the smaller and greyer 

 Southern race (" S. jyoliocercus "), from which they gradually become 

 indistinguishable. In birds from South Africa and the Mascarene 

 Islands the size of the Indian form is maintained, but the tint of 

 the upper parts is of a purer grey without the brownish tinge, and 

 this also holds good of most of the Polynesian examples, though 

 the latter show a slight diminution in size. The contrast between 

 extremes of these races may seem striking at the first glance, but 

 even this, when examined, appears capable of explanation. Under 

 the hot sun of the Arabian and Indian Seas the grey feathers of the 

 mantle and tail soon acquire a brownish tinge at their edges, and 

 brown is a very assertive colour ; whereas in the Southern Seas 

 and in the Pacific the sun's direct force is much feeljlcr. Food also 

 may have some influence upon the tint, as it undoubtedly has upon 

 the size and shape of the bill, which is often considerably worn 

 down in front of the angle of the genys. 



Hah. Both sides of South Africa, the Red and Arabian Seas, 

 Indian Ocean, Malayasia, China Seas up to Japan, Australia (but 

 not New Zealand), Polynesia, and the Islands of the Pacific up to the 



Hawaii Archipelago. Breeds on islands 

 ground-colour and profusely scrolled. 



eggs often verv rich in 



rt. Ad. ; 6. Imm. ; 



c. 2 juv. sk. 

 d, e. Ad. ;/. Imm. 



sk. 

 //. $ ad. sk. 

 /(, /. (S vix ad. sk. 



/,-. 2 vix ad. St. 

 /. Ad. St. 

 m. Vix ad. sk. 

 n-w. S $ ad. et 

 vix ad. sk. 



,1', y. Vix ad. sk. 



z. (S vix ad. sk. 

 a. (S ad. sk. 



b' . $ vix ad. sk. 



c -n' .(S 2 imin.sk. 

 o'-q'. <S ad. sk. 



?•', -s . (5 imm. sk. 



t', u . 2 imm. sk. 

 v-x'. cj vi.x ad. et 



imm. sk. 

 y\ Ad. sk. 



a'. Ad. sk. 



Walvisch Bay, Dam;u'a-laud 



(C. J. Andvrsson). 

 Table Bay, Cape of Good 



Hope (E. L. Layard). 

 Cape Seas. 

 Socotra, March (J. Balfour). 



Socotra, Feb. (7. B:). 



Red Sea {Riippell). 



Aden. 



Gwadar, Mekran Coast, Feb. 



and May (A. O. Hume 



and E. A. Butler). 

 Karachi, Feb. (A. O. II. ^- E. 



A. B.), March [E. A. B.). 

 Karachi, Feb. (E. A. B.). 

 Viziadrug, South Konkan, 



April. 

 Malwan, South Konkan, 



Jan. ( G. Vidal). 

 Laccadives, Feb. (A. O. H.). 

 Galle, Ceylon, May-June 



( W. V. Leyye). 

 Colombo, Ceylon, Jan. ( W. 



r. L.). 



Madras (Madras Miis.). 

 Madras, March. 



TI. Saunders Coll. 



Salvin-Godmau Coll. 



Sir A. Smith [P.]. 

 British Association 



[P.l. 

 Shelley Coll. 

 Purchased. 

 Major Yerbury [P.]. 

 Hume Coll. 



Hume Coll. 



H. Saunders Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 



Hume Coll. 



Hume Coll. 



H. Saunders Coll. 



H. Saunders Coll. 



Tweeddale Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 



Saugor Island, March {A. Hume Coll. 



O. H.). 

 Commillah, Tipperah. Hume Coll. 



