15. LARus. 223 



Adult male in hrcediruf-j^hunar/e. Head all round black, ejelids 

 white ; upper surface cbietly dark lead-grey ; secondaries paler and 

 almost white at their tips, forming by contrast a fairly conspicuous 

 alar band ; primaries chiefly black, tipped with grey from the 4th 

 upwards, and passing into lead-grey from the 6th inwards ; tail- 

 coverts rather pale grey ; rectrices much darker grey, except the 

 two outer pairs ; under tail-coverts nearly white ; abdomen pale 

 lead-grey, flanks darker ; upper breast and under wing-coverts 

 darkest : bill stout, and short in front of the angle, lake-red ; tarsi 

 and toes livid black. Total length 17-2 inches, culmen 2, wing 14, 

 tail G'o, tarsus 2*2, middle toe with claw 2. 



Adult female. Similar, but decidedly smaller. Length 15 inches, 

 culmen 1-8, wing 12-8, tarsus 2'1. 



Immature. Similar, but more uniformly sooty in general appear- 

 ance : the hood less defined, the alar band dull grey and incon- 

 spicuous : the rectrices with remains of a black subterminal band : 

 tarsi and toes reddish brown. 



Young. Head dark sooty brown ; mantle and wing-coverts rather 

 paler brown at the edges of the feathers ; quills and tail-feathers 

 dark umber-brown ; tail-coverts paler, and the flanks inclining to 

 grey ; under surface brown, darkest on the upper breast : bill, tarsi, 

 and toes reddish black. 



It will be seen that L. fuUginosus differs materially from the 

 next section of Gulls — the species peculiar to the Pacific — inas- 

 much as it has a well-defined black hood and a perfectly plain 

 unhanded tail. In the following group the tail exhibits more or 

 less black in the adult, while the head is white or pale grey. 



Hah. Galapagos Archipelago. 



a. Vix ad. st. James Is., Galapagos [? an typus]. Sir W. Burnett and 



Capt. Fitzroy, R.N. 



b. ^ IX ad. sk. James Is., Galapagos. Charles Darwin, Esq. 



[P.]. 



c. c? ad. sk. Abiuiidon Is., Galapagos [Dr. A. Salvin-Godman Coll. 



Habel). 



d. 2 ju^- sk. Indefatigable Is., Galapagos, Aug. Salvin-Godman Coll. 



(Dr. A. Habel). 



e. 9 ad. sk. Indefatigable I.s., Galapagos, Aug. H. Saunders Coll. 



(Dr. A. Habel). 



17. Larus modestus. 



Larus modestus, Tschudi, Wiegm. Arcli. 1843, pt. i. p. 389 ; id. Faun. 

 Peruan.,Aves, p. 5o & p. 306, pi. 35 (184.54t6) ; Gray, Ge)i. B. iii. 

 p. 6o4 (1846) ; Gay, Hist. Chile, Zool. i. p. 483 (1847) ; Reichenb. 

 Natat. Novit. xii. tab. 275. fig. 2284 (1852) ; Pelz. Reis. Novara, 

 Vo(/. p. 151 (1865: Chile); Scl. S,- Salv. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 573; 

 ltd. Nomencl. Av. Neotroj). p. 148 (1873) ; Gray, Hand-l. B. iii. 

 p. 116, no. 11010 (1871: Chile); Saunders, P. Z. S. 1878, p. 183 

 (revision Larinfe) ; id. Journ. Linn. Soc, Zool. xiv. p. 306 (1878: 

 distribution); Salvin, Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 620 (1882: Chile); 

 Taczau. Orn. Perou, iii. p. 449 (1886) ; Berlepsch ^- Stolzm. 

 P. Z. S. 1892, p. 400. 



