lo. LARUS. 243 



ii. p. 225 (1884); Saunders, ith ed. Yan: Brit. B. iii. p. G;U 

 (1884); Radde, Or?i. Cauc. p. 479 (1884: not on Caspian); 

 Sefibolun, Brit. B. iii. p.3L>:5 (188-5) ; Biichner, Beitr.Russ. lieiches, 

 (2) ii. p. l;jl (1885 : St. Petersburg) ; Uomeyer, Oniis, 1885, p. 80; 

 Liitken, t. c. p. 145 ; D. Torre | Ti<ch. t. c. p. 560 (Hungary) ; 

 Albarda, t. c. p. 629 (Holland) ; Gi(jl. Avif. Ital. p. 633 (1886); 

 Grondal, Ornis, 1886, p. 370 (Iceland) ; Schneider, op. cit. 1887, 

 p. 551 (Upp. Alsace) ; Salmd. Ucc. Ital. p. 287 (1887) ; Tait, Ibis, 

 1887, p. 396 (Portugal) ; Ridgiv. Man. N. Ainer. B. p. 28 (1887) ; 

 Booth, Str. F. iii. cum tabs. (1887) ; Hartert, MT. orn. Ver. 

 Wien, 1887, p. 180 (E. Prussia) ; likoads, Auk, 1888, p. 318 (39° N., 

 New Jersey) ; H-Brotvn !<,■ Buckl. Faun. Sutherl. ^-c. p. 233 (1887) ; 

 lid. Faun. Out. Hebr. p. 148 (1888); Taczan. Ornis, 1888, p. 506 

 (Poland, juv.) ; Cooke, B. Miyr. Mississippi Vail. p. 55 (1888); M. 

 Chamberlain, Auk, 1889, p. 215 (S. Greenland); Lilford, Ibis, 1889, 

 p. 349 (Cyprus); MiesentJi. Wasservoy. Mitteleurop. p. 132 (1889); 

 Reichenoiv, Si/st. Verz. Voy. Deutschl. p. 63 (1889) ; Saunders, Man. 

 Brit. B. p. 661 (1889); Giyl. V Resoc. Av. Ital. p. 648 (1889); 

 Stevenson >§• Southu: B. Norfolk, iii. p. 341 (1890) ; Keller, Orn. 

 CarintJiice, p. 301 (WM) ; Giitk<;, Voi/elw. Helyid. p. 567 (1891); 

 Buckl.&f H-Br. Faun. Orkney Is. p. 233 (1891) ; Jiickel u. Bias. VUg. 

 Bayerns, p. 362 (1891); Fatio S, Sfuder, Cat. Ois. Suisse, pp. 60, 

 61 (1892) ; Macpherson, Vertebr. Faun. Lnkelatzd, p. 432 (1892; ; 

 H-Br. Sf Buckl. Faun. Argyll ^-c. p. 192 (1892); B' Urban Sf 

 Mathew, B. Devon, p. 380 (1892) ; Hartert, Ibis, 1892, p. 521 

 (E. Prussia) ; Meade-Waldo, Ibis, 1893, p. 200 (Canaries, rare) ; 

 Allen, Auk, 1893, p. 123 (distribution) ; If'hite, t. c. p. 222 (Mac- 

 kinac I., Mich.) ; Lilford, Col. Fiys. Br. B. pt. xxv. (1893) ; A. 

 Dubois, Vertebr. Bely., Ois. ii. p. 583, pi. 291 (1894) : Pearson ^■ 

 Bidic. Ibis, 1894, p. 236 (N. Norway) ; Mathew, B. Penibrokesh. 

 p. 105 (1894) ; Collett, Nyt May. f. Katurv. Bd. xxx\. p. 309 

 (1894: Norway); Ussher, Fr. R. Irish Ac. (3) iii. p. 410 (1891) ; 

 Clarke, Ibis, 1895, p. 210 (Rhone delta, ad.) ; Pears, t. c pp. 245 

 & 248 (Iceland). 



Larus nsevius, Linn. Syst. Nat. p. 225 (1766) ; Bonn. Enc. Meth. i. 

 p. 83 (1790). 



Larus maculatus, Bodd. Tab. PI. Enl. p. 16 (1783). 



Le Goeland a Manteau noir, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. viii. p. 405, 

 pi. xxxi. (1783~). 



Le Go(Sland varie ou Le Grisard, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. viii. p. 413, 

 pi. xxxiii. (1783). 



Black-backed Gull, Lath. Gen. Syn. iii. pt. 2, p. 371 (1785) ; Bewick, 

 Brit. B. ii. p. 194 (1821). 



Wagel Gull, Lath. Gen. Si/n. iii. pt. 2, p. 375 (1785). 



Le Grisard, Daubent. PL Enl. pi. 266 (1786). 



Le Noir Manteau, Daubent. PI. Enl. pi. 990 (1786). 



Larus gio-anteus, Benicke, Amu Wetterau Gesel. iii. p. 140 (1812 : 

 jr.) ; Temm. Man. d'Orn. p. 490, note (1815). 



Larus maximus. Leach, Si/st. Cat. Brit. Mus. p. 40 (1816: nee 

 O'Reilly, 1818) ; Brehm, Beitr. Voyelk. iii. p. 741 (1822) : id. Lehrb. 

 p. 733 (1824); id. Isis, 1830. p. 993; id. Voi/. Deutschl. p. 728 

 (1831); id. Naum. 1855, p. 294 ; id. Voyelf. p. 337 (1855). 



Leucus niarinus, Kaup, Natiirl. Syst. p. 86 & p. 196 (1829). 



Larus miilleri (sic), Brehm, Isis, 1830, p. 993; id. Fog. Deutschl. 

 p. 729 (1831) ; id. Naum. 1855, p. 294; id. Voyelf. p. 337 (1855). 



Larus fabricii, Brehm, Isis, 18S0, p. 993; id. I'd;/. Deutschl. ^. 7'3l 

 (1831) ; id. Naum. 1855, p. 294; id. Voyelf. \>. oo7 (1855). 



