15. LARUS. 263 



Laroides arnrenteus, Brehm, Isis, 1830, p. 993 ; id. Vog. Deutsehl. 

 p. 741 (1831) ; id. Nau7n. 1855, p. 294. 



Laroides avgentatoides, Brehm, Isis, 1830, p. 993 ; id. Vog. Deutsehl. 

 p.74L> (1831); id. Naum. 1855, p. 294; Bj). C. R. xlii. p. 770 

 (1856) ; id. Consp. Av. ii. p. 218 (1857 : N. America). 



Laroides arg-entaceus, Brehm, Isis, 1830, p. 993 ; id. Vog. Deutsehl. 

 p. 742 (1831) ; id. Namn. 1855, p. 294; id. Vogelf. p. 349 (1855) ; 

 Bp. C. JR. xlii. p. 770 (185G) ; id. Consp. Av. ii. p. 218 (1857 : 

 N. France); Olphe-GaU. Orn. Eur. Occid. fasc. x. p. 60 (1886). 



Laroides americanus, Brehm, Isis, 1830, p. 993 ; id. Vog. Deutsehl. 

 p. 743 (1831) ; id. Naum. 1855, p. 294. 



Glaucus argentatus, Bruch, J.f. O. 1853, p. 101. 



Glaucus argentatoides, Bruch, J.f. O. 1853, p. 101 (N. America). 



Larus marinus, Lembei/e, Av. Cuba, p. 122 (1850: of. Gundl. J.f. 0. 

 1871, p. 291) ; Gundl. J. f. O. 1857, p. 236 (cf. Lawr. Ann. Lye. 

 N. Y. vii. p. 275). 



Larus smithsonianus, Coues, Pr. Philad. Acad. 1862, p. 296 (N. Ame- 

 rica) ; Gundl. Orn. Cuba, p. 308 (1876). 



Larus (Laroides) argentatus, Drosfe, Vogelw. Borkum, p. 340 (1869). 



Larus argentatus smithsonianus, Coues, Key N. Amer. B. p. 312 

 (1872) ; id. Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. iv. p. 655 (1878 : Montana) ^ 

 Ridgiv. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 21, p. 52 (1881); Coues, Check- 

 list N. Amer. B. p. 120 (1882) ; id. Key N. Amer. B. 2nd ed. 

 p. 743 (1884); Stearns, Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. Vi. p. 122 (1884; 

 Labrador) ; A. 0. U. Check-l. N. Amer. B. p. 89 (1886); Everm. 

 Auk, 1886, p. 88 (Ventura, Cala., abundant) ; Seton, t. c. p. 147 

 (W. Manitoba, breeds) ; Ridgiu. Man. N. Amer. B. p. 31 (1887) ; 

 Cooke, Miqr. B. Mississippi Vail. p. 55 (1888) ; Thompson, Pr. 

 U.S. Nat. 'Mus. xiii. p. 468 (1890 : Manitoba, breeds) ; Shufeldt, 

 Auk, 1891, p. 366 (fossil, Oregon) ; R. MacFarl. Pr. U.S. Nat. 

 Mus. xiv. p. 418 (1891 : breeds along Arctic Amer.) ; Rhoads, 

 Auk, 1893, p. 71 (Wasb.' Terr. & Brit. Columbia) ; Allen, t. c. 

 p. 125 (distribution); White, t. c. p. 222 (Lake Michigan, breeds). 



Einalia argentata, Heine S)- Reichenow, Nome7icl. Mus. Hein. p. 358 

 (1890). 



Adult male in breeding -plum age. Head, neck, tail, and under- 

 parts white ; the ring round the eye white or very pale yellow ; 

 mantle and wing-surface French-grej', with broad white tips to the 

 scapulars and secondaries, making a conspicuous alar bar ; all the 

 primaries tipped white ; outermost quill blackish from the base 

 downwards (save a narrow grey wedge on the inner web), with a 

 white tip 2-5 in length in mature birds, and a narrow black bar 

 which divides the white into tip and " mirror " in the majority ; 

 2nd (juiU blackish for about 0--i on both sides of the shaft, with 

 a black subterminal bar, a white mirror, and, on the inner web, a 

 broad grey wedge which sometimes breaks through and joins the 

 mirror ; 3rd quiU greyish basally, blackish on the lower part of 

 outer web and on the subterminal bar, grey on the inner web, 

 passing into white at the apex of the wedge : 4th similar, but grey 

 on both webs above the bar ; 5th quiU simihir, but bar narrower ; 

 6th grey, without a bar in mature birds and with a narrow bar in 

 others ; the remaining quills grey, with white tips. In less 

 mature birds there is no mirror on the 2nd quill. Bill yellow, 

 red at the angle of the genys ; iris straw-colour ; tarsi and toes 



