268 lARID^. 



Glaucus michahellesii, Bruch, J.f. O. 1853, p. 101 (Dalmatia). 

 Glaucus leucopliseus, Bruch, J.f. O. 1853, p. 101 (Red Sea). 

 Laroides leucoph^us, Bp. Naumannia, 1854, p. 212 ; id. Consp. Av, 



ii. p. 219 (1857); id. C. R. xlii. p. 219 (1857: Mediterranean); 



Olphe-Gall. Orn. Bur. Occid. fasc. x. p. 63, note (1886). 

 Lams epai'gynis, Licht. Nomencl. Av. Mus. Berol. p. 99 (1854) [type 



examined]. 

 Laroides michahellesii, Bruch, J.f. 0. 1855, p. 282; Brehm, Naum. 



1855, p. 294; Bp. C. B. xlii. p. 770 (1856); id. Consp. Av. ii. 



p. 219 (1857: MediteiTanean). 

 Laroides cachinnans, Bruch, J.f. 0. 1855, p. 282; Olphe-Gall. Om. 



Eur. Occid. fasc. x. p. 61 (1886). 

 Dominicanus fuscescens, Bruch, J. f. 0. 1853, p. 100 (part.) (S.E. 



Europe). 

 Larus miehahellesi, Erhard, Faun. Cykladen, pp. 45 and 62 (1858) ; 



Torre Sf Tschusi, Ornis, 1885, p. 560 (Adriatic). 

 Larus fuscescens, Scl. P. Z. S. 1867, p. 315 (Mogador) ; id. Rev. List 



Vert. Zool. Gdns. p. 316 (1872) ; Taylor, Ibis, 1867, p. 72 (Alex- 

 andria). 

 Laroides argentatus, Loche, JE.ipl. So. Alger., Ois. ii. p. 179 (1867). 

 [?] Larus heuglini, Bree, 2nd ed. B. Eur. v. p. .58 (1876). 

 Larus marinus, Finsch, Ibis, 1877, p. 53 (West Siberia ; of. Verh, 



z.-b. Wien, xxix. p. 272). 



Adult in hreeding-plumage. Very similar to the preceding, from 

 which, in fact, it differs only in the following particulars : — The ring 

 round the eye is bright orange-red, the gape is the same colour, the 

 yellow and red of the bill are much brighter, the tarsi and toes are 

 brilliant yellow ; the mantle is, as a rule, decidedly darker, while the 

 black and grey on the primaries show a deeper tone, and the middle 

 toe with the nail is usually rather shorter than the tarsus. Total 

 length about 23 inches, culmen 2-95, wing 18, tail 7"5, tarsus 2*75, 

 middle toe with claw 2- 65. 



The female is smaller than the male, as a rule. 



Adult in luinter. As in summer : the usual greyish striations 

 being absent, or so faint as to be practically invisible. 



Immature, Young, and Nestling. As in L. argentatus. The tarsi 

 and toes are at first flesh-coloured, but they soon begin to show a 

 yellowish tint in the live bird, though this is, of course, lost in pre- 

 served specimens. 



Hab. Southern Europe, from the Gulf of Gascony downwards ; 

 Madeira (probably the Azores), the Canaries, and the opposite coast 

 of Africa ; the entire basin of the Mediterranean, the Black Sea, the 

 Aral, the Caspian and eastward to Lake Baikal (breeding). In 

 winter to India, from the Bay of Bengal to Bombay ; the Mekran 

 coast ; Persia ; the Eed Sea ; and down the west side of Africa, appa- 

 rently to Angola. 



a, b. Ad. sk. Teneiife, Canaries, March H. Saunders Coll. 



(G.E.Shelley.), 

 c, d. c? ad. ; e,f. $ Great Salvage Is., April 28, W. R. Ogilvie 

 ad. ; </. Pull. sk. 189.5. ' ■ Grant, Esq. [P.]. 



h. (S imm. sk. Madeira, May. W. R. Ogilvie 



Grant, Esq. [P.]. 



