I 



in. RISSA, 307 



Tarrock Gull, Lath. Gen. Syn. iii. pt. 2, p. 3U2 (1785) ; id. Gen. 8tjn. 



Suppl. i. p. 2m (1787). 

 Kittiwake Gull, Lath. Gen. Syn. iii. pt. 2, p. 393 (178o) ; Yarr. 



Brit. B. iii. p. 444 (1843). 

 Winter Gull, Lath. Gen. Syn. iii. pt. 2, p. 384 (1785). 

 Larus riga, Gm. S. N. i. p. 594 (17«8). 

 Larus torquatus, Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso- Adat. ii. p. 328 (1811 : Baltic 



and White Sea). 

 Laruf gavia, Pallas, Zoogr. liosso-Asiat. ii. p. 329 (1811 : Baltic and 



White Sea; not in Black Sea or Caspian). 

 The Kittiwake, Bewick, Brit. B. ii. p. 209 (1821). 

 Gavia tridactylus, Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 5(33. 

 Rissa brunnichii, Stephens, ex Leach MS. in Shale's Gen. Zool. xiii. 



pt. 1, p. 181, pi. 21 (1820), type of genus Eissa. 

 Cheimonea tridactyla, Kaup, 'Na/Jirl. Syst. p. 84 and p. 196 (1829), 



type of genus ; Heine ^- Reichenow, Nomencl. Mus. Hein. p. 360 



(1889). 

 Laroides tridactylus, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 754 (1831). 

 Laroides lissa, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 755 (1831). 

 Laroides minor, Brehvi, Vog. Deutschl. p. 756 (1831). 

 Rissa cinerea, Eyton, Cat. Brit. B. p. 52 (1836). 

 Rissa tridactyla, Bp. Comp. List B. Eur. ^ N. Amer. p. 62 (1838) ; 



Gray, List Gen. p. 79 (1840) ; id. op. cit. ed. 1841, p. 99; Macgill. 



Man. Brit. Oni. p. 249 (1842) ; Gray, List B. Brit. Mus., Anseres, 



p. 174 (1844) ; id. Gen. B. iii. p. 655, pi. 180. iig. 6 (1846) ; 



Reichenb. Si/st. Nat. tab. v. (1850) ; id. Av. Si/st. Nat., Lonr/ip. 



pp. iv, V (1852) ; Macgill. Hist. Brit. B. v. p. 515 (1852) ; Licht. 



Nomencl. Av. p. 99 (1854); Brehm, Nau7n. 1855, p. 294; id. 



Voqelfatiq, p. 341 (1855); Bp. C. R. xlii. p. 771 (1856); id. 



Consp. Av. ii. p. 225 (1857) ; Hartl. Orn. Westafr. p. 253 (1857 : 



Senegal) ; Baird, Cass., ^- Laivr. B. N. Ainer. p. 854 (1858) ; 



Reinh. Ibis, 1861, p. 18 (Greenland) ; Neiuton, in Baring-GoidcTs 



Iceland, p. 418 (1863) ; Gray, Cat. Brit. B. p. 236 (1863) ; Saluad. 



Ucc. Sard. d. 131 (1864) ; Newton, I bk,im^,^. 508 (Spitsbergen) ; 



Blasius, J.f. 0. 1865, p. 384 (critical) ; Godman, Ibis, 1866, p. 103 



(Azores) ; id. Azores, p. 38 (1870) ; Loche, Expl. Set. Alger., Ois. 



ii. p. 185 (1867) ; Doderl. Avif. Sicil. p. 240 (1869) ; Dall 8f Bann. 



Tr. Chic. Acad. i. p. 305 (1869 : Alaska) ; Fritsch, Vog. Eur. 



p. 464, tav. 56. fig. 9 (1870); Blake-Kno.v, Zool. s. s. pp. 2119- 



2124 (1870: plumage); Gillett, Ibis, 1870, p. 306 (Novaya 



Zemlya) ; Saunders, op. cit. 1871, p. 400 (Spain) ; Grag, Iland-l. 



B. iii. p. 117, no. 11017 (1871) ; Salvad. Faun. Ital., Ucc. p. 291 



(1872) ; Gould, B. Gt. Brit. v. pi. 61 (1873) ; Collett, Forh. Selsk. 



Christian. 1873, p. 297 (X. Norway) ; Heugl. Orn. Nordost-A/r. 



Bd. ii. pt. 2, p. 1415 (1874 : Egypt'iu winter) ; Dall, Arif. Aleut. 



Is. p. 9 (1874) ; Newton, Arctic 3Ian. p. 106 (L^75) ; Irby, Orn. 



Str. Gihr. p. 212 (1875): Collett, N. Mag. Naturv. 1877, p. 211 



(Norway) ; Feilden, Ibis, 1877, p. 409 (below Smith Sound) ; 



Saunders, P. Z. S. I878, p. 163 (revision) ; id. Journ. Linn. Soc. 



xiv. p. 394 (1878 : distribution) ; Kumlien, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. 



XV. p. 99 (1879: Cumberland Sound) ; Blakist. ^- Pryer, Tr. As. 



Soc. Japan, 1880, p. 190 ; //. C. Hart, Zool. 1880, p. 207 (78° 



N. lat.); Giglioli, Ibk, 1881, p. 219 (Italy); Ridgw. Bull. U.S. 



Nat. Mus. no. 21, p. 51 (1881); Feilden, in Markhanis Polar 



Reconn. p. 334 (1881 : Novaya Zemlya) ; id. Tr. Norte. Soc. 



iii. p. 209 (1881 : Franz-Josef Land) ; Coues, Check-l. N. Amer. 



x2 



