19. KISS A. 309 



Lanis tiidactyliis, var. kotzebui (I>p.), Coues, in El/ioU'.s Jiep. Pryhilnff 

 Group, Orn. uo. 552 (187;}); id. li. N.-West, p. 64G (1874); 

 Elliott, Seal Is. of Alaska, p. 1;52 (1882). 



Ris.-a tridactj'la kotzobiii, llidi/w. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 21, p. 51 

 (1881); Beau, Fr. U.S. Nat. Mus. 1882, p. 167 (Bering Sea): 

 C'oues, Check-l. N. Amer. li. p. 122 (1882); Ilidf/iv. Cat. Aquat. 

 B. Fish. Exhih. p. 29 (188'}) ; Nelson, Cruise ' Convin,' p. 105 

 (1883: Beriiifj Sea); Coues, Km/ N. Atnor. B. 2nd ed. p. 748 

 (1884); Goss^ Auk,\SQ^, p. 222 (Washington Terr.) ; Southw. l<f 

 Jenks, t.c. p. 313 (Nicisio, California). 



Ri-isa tridactvla pollican.s, Stcjn.,in Baird, B., Sf Ridyiv. Water-B. N. 

 Amer. ii. p. 402 (1884) ; SUjn. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. no. 29, p. 78 

 (1885: Commander Is.); A.O.U. Check-l. N. Amer. B. p. 86 

 (1886); Ridqio. Man. N. Amer. 5. p. 25 (1887) ; Turner, Auk, 

 1885, p. 158'( Alaska) ; id. Contrib. N. H. Alaska, p. 124 (1886) ; 

 Nelson, Bep. N. II. Alaska, p. 49 (1878) ; I'almim, Veiia-Exped. 

 Vetensk. lid. v. p. 361 ( 1887 : Bering Sea) ; li. H. Lawr. 'Auk,\m2, 

 p. 353 (Washington Terr.) ; Allen, op. cit. 1893. p. 123 (distri- 

 bution) ; Ridijiv. Fr. U.S. Nat. Mm. xvi. p. 6(33 (1893 : Alaska) ; 

 Tacz. Mem. Acad. St. I'etersb. xxxix. p. 1052 (1893; E. Siberia). 



Eissa pollicaris, Stejn. Auk, 1888, p. 310 (critical). 



Adult in hreedin(j-pluma<je. Head, neck, rump, tail, and entire 

 underparts white ; mantle slate-grey, the scapulars edged with 

 greyish white ; secondaries broadly edged with white ; shafts of 

 primaries ash-colour ; quills chiefly grey, but the outer web black 

 in the 1st, grey in the others; terminal portions of 1st to 3rd 

 primaries black; 4th quill with the extreme tip white, surmounted 

 by a black bar, and the 5th similar, with a narrower bar ; in the 

 6th there is sometimes a subterniinal black bar varying in breadth, 

 and at other times a mere black speck the size of a pin's head on 

 the outer web, while in mature birds the entire feather is spotless 

 grey*, with whitish inner margins, as are the succeeding primaries 

 and the upper parts of all : bill yellow, with a greenish tinge ; 

 tarsi blackish, toes dark brown. Total length lo'O inches, culmen 

 1"8, wing 12, tail 5 (the second pair of feathers from the outside a 

 trifle longer than the rest), tarsus 1'4, middle toe with claw I'So. 

 The sexes are alike externally. 



Adult in luinter. Similar, but with a trace of dark grey round 

 the orbits ; on the head and neck some slate-colour, which is pale 

 on the crown, deepens on the nape, where it almost forms a band, 

 becomes blackish at the auriculars, and passes into white on the 

 shoulders : bill with a more olive tint. 



Immature. Like the above, but with black on both webs and 

 over the greater part of the four outer primaries, only the inner 

 portions of which are white ; the 5th primary greyish white with a 

 broad subtcrminal black bar and a minute white tip ; the 6th with 

 a narrower bar and a larger white tip ; an oval black patch about 

 the middle of the outer web of the longest inner secondary : bill 

 still more olive-colour. 



Young. Similar, but with a more distinct and blacker half-collar 



* Tbis applies to examples from Alaska and the N. Pacific as much as 



to specimens from the Atlantic. 



