s 



CEDICNEMID.E. 



and in the latter bird the third primary is marked with white like 

 the first and second ; whereas in (E. cedicnemus only the first and 

 second primaries show any white (cf. Seebohm, Geogr. Distr. 

 Charadr. p. 77). Even these small distinctions, however, cannot be 

 maintained, for in the series in the British Museum there is a 

 specimen from Italy and another from Sussex which have a white 

 mark on the third primary ; while, on the other hand, there are 

 several specimens in the Hume Collection which show the white 

 marks on the first and second primaries only. Young birds appear 

 to be invariably of a lighter rufous and more tawny colour than the 

 adults, which are decidedly greyer. 



The race which Dr. Reichenow has described as (Edicnemus 

 cedicnemus saharce is founded on an adult bird, and has apparently 

 been compared only with young birds. The principal difference 

 between young and old individuals lies in the colour of the greater 

 wing-coverts, which in young birds are dusky blackish or greyish 

 at the base, and have broad white ends ; whereas in the old birds 

 the bases are white, and the tips are also white with a very broad 

 subterminal bar of black. 



Hab. Central and Southern Europe, as far east as Central 

 Asia. The countries bordering the Mediterranean to N.E. Africa, 

 as far south as Aden. Indian Peninsula and Burmese countries, in 

 suitable localities. 



a. cJ ad. st. 



b. Imm. ; c, d. 

 Pull. st. 



e. Juv. sk. 



/, g. Ad. ; h, i. 



Pull. st. 

 A-w. Pull. sk. 

 o. Pull. sk. 

 p, cJ ad. sk. 



q. 2 ad. sk. 

 r. Ad. sk. 

 s. 3 juv. sk. 



t. Ad. sk. 



u, v, w. Ad. et 



imm. sk. 

 x, $ ad. sk. 

 y. Ad. sk. 

 s. (J ad. sk. 

 a. Juv. sk. 

 V. Ad. sk. 

 e'. Ad. st. 

 d', e'. Ad. et 



juv. sk. 



f. c? ad, sk. 

 g\ d ad. sk. 



h', i'. Ad. sk. 

 k'. 2 a d- sk. 

 V. $ ad. sk. 



Cambridgeshire, May. 

 Cambridgeshire, May. 



Norfolk. 

 Merton, Norfolk. 



Norfolk. 



Scotts Hall, Suffolk. 



Brandon, Suffolk, July (J. E. 



Hurting). 

 Warwickshire {J. E. H.). 

 Sussex. 

 Near Chichester, Sussex, Nov. 6 



(J. E. H.). 

 Wiltshire. 

 Hungary, Sept., Oct. 



Tuscany, Sept. 3. 



Italy. 



Malta, Feb. 1854. 



Tunis. 



Ghuelma, Algeria. 



Ghuelma. 



Tangiers, June {A. von Hiigel). 



Andalucia, Spain, Jan. 

 Orotava, Teneriffe, April 29 



(F. D. <?.). 

 Egypt, March (G. E. Shelley). 

 Egypt, March (G. E. Shelley). 

 Shoohra near Cairo. 



Harting Coll. 

 Purchased. 



J. Scales, Esq. [P.]. 

 Lord Walsimrham 



[P.]. 

 Gould Coll. 

 Shelley Coll. 

 Seebohm Coll. 



Seebohm Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 



Montagu Coll. 

 Hungarian National 



Museum [P.]. 

 Seebohm Coll. 

 Gould Coll. 

 Gould Coll. 

 Fraser Coll. 

 Purchased. 

 Purchased. 

 Seebohm Coll. 



Colonel Irby [P.J. 

 Salvin-Godman Coll. 



Seebohm Coll. 

 Tweeddale Coll. 

 Seebohm Coll. 



