154 CHARADRI1D2E. 



Shoa district); Salvad. Ann. Mus. Gen. (2) i. p. 219 (1884: 



Tuor-Hamesh, Shoa) ; Seebohm, Geogr, Distr. Ckaradr. p. 194 



(1888). 

 Chettusia rnelanocephala, Gray, Gen. B. iii. p. 541 (1847) ; id. Hand-l. 



B. iii. p. 12, no. 9967 (1871). 

 Tylibyx melanocepliala, Reichenb. Grail, p. xviii, tab. ccxcix. 



fig. 2433 (1852) ; Bp. C. R. xliii. p. 419 (1856). 

 Vanellus nielanocephalus, Giebel, Thes. Orn. iii. p. 745 (1877). 



Adult. General colour above brown, with a lilac gloss ; the lower 

 back dusky brown ; wing-coverts like the back, the median series 

 tipped with white, the greater coverts pure white, the innermost 

 like the median coverts, brown with white tips ; bastard-wing, 

 primary-coverts, and quills black ; the secondaries with white 

 bases, extending gradually more on the inner web towards the 

 inner secondaries, which are entirely white ; innermost secondaries 

 brown, the outer ones with a broad white margin ; upper tail- 

 coverts and tail white ; the terminal band black, with again a 

 narrow white tip, the black band decreasing in width towards the 

 outer feathers, where it becomes very narrow ; crown of head and 

 nape black ; lores, sides of face, ear-coverts, cheeks, and sides of 

 neck ashy brown, more ashy above the eye; throat black ; breast 

 and under surface of body, as well as the under tail-coverts, under 

 wing-coverts, and axillaries pure white ; the fore-neck spotted with 

 black ; quill-lining black, with the extreme base of the primaries 

 white, and the same pattern of white and black on the secondaries 

 as on the upper surface : " bill black, the base of the mandible 

 yellow; feet citron-yellow ; iris umber-grey" (von Heuglin). Total 

 length 11-5 incbes, culmeu 1, wing 9-1, tail 3-4, tarsus 245. 



Hab. Mountains of N.E. Africa. 



a, b. Ad. sk. Shoa (Sir W. C. Harris). India Museum. 



c. Ad. st. Shoa. Dr. Euppell [C.]. 



d. Ad. sk. Abyssinia. Gould Coll. 



15. ZONIFER*. 



Range. Confined to Australia. 



1. Zonifer tricolor. 



Charadrius tricolor, Vieill. N. Diet. cTHist. Nat. xxvii. p. 147 (1818 : 



Australia). 

 Charadrius pectoralis, Wagl. Syst. Av., Charadrius, p. 58, sp. 8 



(1827 : ex Cuv. in Mus. Paris) ; Less. Traite d'Orn. p. 545 (1831). 

 Sarciophorus tricolor (V.), Strickl. P. Z. S. 1841, p. 33; Cass. U.S. 



Expl. Exped., Birds, p. 328 (1858). 

 Sarciophorus pectoralis, Gould, B. Austr. vi. pi. 11 (1842) ; Gray, 



List Grail. Brit. Mus. p. 66 (1844 : S. Australia) ; Bli/th, Cat. B. 



Mus. As. Soc. p. 260 (1849: New South Wales)'; Reichenb. 



Grail, tab. cii. figs. 1051-52 (1850); Bp. C. R. xliii. p. 418 



(1856) ; Gould, Handb. B. Austr. ii. p. 222 (1865) ; Ramsay, 



Ibis, 1867, p. 420, pi. ix. fig. 3 ; Hartinq, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 458 ; 



Ramsay, P. Z. S. 1877, p. 336 (N.E. Queensland) ; id. Proa. Linn. 



* Z,<l)vr), band ; <pepw, I carry. 



