160 CHAEADEIID^. 



xliii. p. 418 (1856); Irby, Ibis, 1861, p. 237 (Oudh) ; Jerd. B. 

 Ind. iii. p. 650 (1864) ; Swinh. Ibis, 1870, p. 361 (Hainan) ; 

 Blanf. t. c. p. 470 (PegH ; Ava) ; Swinh. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 403 

 (Hainan) ; Gray, Hand-l. B. iii. p. 12, no. 9970 (1871) ; Hume, 

 Nests $ Egqs Ind. B. p. 578 (1873) ; id. Str. F. ii. p. 482 (1874 : 

 Tenasserim) ; Hart in g, P. Z. S. 1874, p. 455, pi. Lx. fig-. 3 (egg) ; 

 Hume, Str. F. iii. p. 181 (1875 : Pegu) ; Blyth $ Wald. B. Burnt. 

 p. 153 (1875 : Tonghoo ; Karen-nee) ; Ball, Str. F. iv. p. 234 

 (1876 : Sambalpur) ; Hume, Str. F. v. p. 46 (1877 : N.E. Cachar) ; 

 David et Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 423 (1877: Cochin China; Hainan) ; 

 Hume 8f Davison, Str. F. vi. p. 457 (1878: Tenasserim): Ball, 

 Str. F. vii. p. 227 (1878 : Ganges to Godaveiy) ; Cripps, t. r. 

 p. 300 (Faridpur) ; Hume, t. c. p. 483 (Calcutta) ; Anders. Zool, 

 Res. West. Yunan Exped. p. 675 (1878 : Tsitkaw ; Maungla) ; 

 Tiraut, Bull. Com. Ai/ric. Cochinchine, (3) i. p. 146 (1879) ; Hume, 

 Str. F. viii. p. 112' (1879); Scully, t. c. p. 352 (Nepal Valley, 

 breeding) ; Bingham, Str. F. ix. p. 197 (1880 : Thoungveen 

 Valley); Oates, Str. F. x. p. 238 (1882); id.Handb.B. Brit. 

 Burnl. ii. p. 373 (1883) ; Swinhoe fy Barnes, Ibis, 1885, p. 133 

 (Mhow District) ; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Genov. (2) iv. p. 613 (1887 : 

 Bhamo), v. p. 62 (1888: Kaukuyit) ; Hume, Str. F. xi. p. 316 

 (1888 : Manipur) ; Oates, ed. Hume's Nests $■ Eggs Ind. B. iii. 

 p. 347 (1890). 



Hoplopterus spinosus (nee Linn.), Gray, Gen. B. iii. p. 542 (1847). 



Vanellus ventralis, Schl. Mus. Pays-Bos, Cursores, p. 61 (1865 : 

 Nepal) ; Seebohm, Geogr. Distr. Charadr. p. 227 (1888). 



Hoplopterus rualabaricus (nee Bodd.), Blanf. J. A. S. Benq. xl. 

 p. 276 (1871 : Wardha Valley). 



Adult male. General colour above light brown ; lower back and 

 rump more dusky brown; upper tail-coverts and tail pure white, 

 the latter black for the terminal third, forming a broad black band ; 

 scapulars and all the inner wing-coverts light brown, like the 

 back ; the outer median and greater coverts pure white, the outer 

 lesser coverts black, forming a large wing-patch ; bastard-wing and 

 primary-coverts black, with the extreme base white ; quills black, 

 white at the bases, increasing gradually on the secondaries until 

 they are entirely white, excepting a black tip, the succeeding inner 

 secondaries pure white, the innermost light ashy brown like the 

 back ; crown of head and nape black, the nape-feathers long and 

 narrowing to a point ; hind nock and sides of neck pale ashy grey, 

 extending over the sides of the neck and on to the ear-coverts, this 

 grey colour separated from the black crown by a narrow band of 

 white, extending from behind the eye round the nape ; lores and 

 fore part of face to about the middle line of the eye black, succeeded 

 by white, which extends downwards and skirts the black throat to 

 the sides of the neck ; entire throat black ; the lower throat white, 

 connected with the white of the sides of the neck ; fore-neck light 

 brown, forming a band ; remainder of under surface of body pure 

 white, except for a crescentic band of black on the lower breast ; 

 axillaries and under wing-coverts white. Total length 11-5 inches, 

 culmen 1*35, wing 7*6, tail 3-35, tarsus 2-5. 



Adult female. Similar in plumage to the male. Total length 

 12*5 inches, culmen 1-2, wing 7 - 6, tail 3-1, tarsus 2-45. 



