210 CffARADRHDJE. 



Key to the Species. 

 n. Summer plumage. 



a. Axillaries and under wing-coverts white. 



a'. Entire under surface of body rufous ; no 



bands of black or chestnut obscurus, p. 211. 



b' . With a band of black or rufous on the fore- 

 neck or chest. 

 a". With a single band of black ( 3 ), or more or 

 less rufescent ashy brown ( 5 ), across the 

 fore-neck ; no chestnut or cinnamon band ; 

 forehead and eyebrow separated from the 

 head by a band of black {3), often absent 



(2) ■wilsoni, p. 214. 



b". With a black band across the fore-neck, 

 followed by a white band on the chest, and 

 by a second band of chestnut across the 



breast bicinctus, p. 212. 



c'. No black band on the fore-neck ; a chestnut or 



cinnamon band on the chest, bordered above 



with a line of black (in O. mongohts), or 



below (in O. asiaticus). 



c". Bill stout ; head rufescent ; forehead white, 



with a black band on the fore part of the 



crown, or else entirely black ; a streak from 



the bill and along the ear-coverts black ; 



hind-neck rufous. 



a'". Size large : culmen 1 inch ; forehead 



white ; no black line above the rufous 



chest-band . geoffroyi, p. 217. 



b'" . Size smaller : culmen not exceeding 09 



inch. 



a*. Forehead black ; a p:ile cinnamon 



collar on the hind-neck ; no black line 



above the chest-band, which is pale 



cinnamon pyrrhothorax, p. 226. 



b A . Forehead white; a chestnut or rufous 

 collar on the hind-neck ; a black line 

 alonjr the upper margin of the chest- 

 nut chest-band, often absent (? 2 ) . . mongohts, p. 223. 

 c l . Forehead white ; no rufous collar on 

 hind-neck, the head being like the 

 back ; sides of face white ; no black 

 on forehead or ear-coverts ; a black 

 band on the lower margin of the rufous 



chest-band asiaticus, p. 230. 



b. Axillaries and under wing-coverts smoky brown, 

 as also the quill-lining ; forehead broad, white, 

 and extending to the sinciput ; a distinct black 

 horse-shoe below the chestnut band on the 

 chest veredus, p. 232. 



/3. Winter plumage. 



a. Axillaries white (with occasionally a slight shade 

 of ashy near the base, in O. mongohts and 

 O. asiaticus); under wing-coverts white. 



