248 CHARADKIID^. 



Genov. (2) i. p. 218 (1884: Falls of Kora, Shoa) ; Shelley, Ibis, 

 1885, p. 417 (Somali) ; Symonds, Ibis, 1887, p. 334 (Kroonstadt) ; 

 Shelley, Ibis, 1888, p. 305 (Lake Jipi) ; id. P. Z. S. 1888, p. 49 

 (Kibiro 1 ! ; Salvad. Ann. Mus. Gen. (2) vi. p. 309 (1888 : Cialalaka ; 

 Adda, Shoa) ; Sauza, Jam. Lisb. (2) ii. p. 117 (1889 : Catumbellat ; 

 Sharpe, Ibis, 1892, p. 544 (Ukambani) ; Bocage, Jorn. Lisb. (2) 

 1892, p. 187 (Dahome). 

 iEgialitis bitorquata, Heugl. in Peterm. MT. 1869, p. 417. 



Adult male. General colour above uniform brown, with a bronzy 

 gloss, the wing-coverts like the back, the inner greater coverts 

 tipped with white ; bastard-wing and primary-coverts black, with 

 white tips to the feathers : quills brown, the primaries with narrow 

 fringes of white at the ends, which are slightly darker brown like 

 the outer webs, tbe shafts brown; secondaries dark brown, with 

 broader white tips, increasing on the innermost till they occupy 

 one quarter of the feather; the innermost secondaries like the back ; 

 centre tail-feathers light brown, the rest brown at base, with a 

 broad white tip, before which is a black sub-terminal bar ; the two 

 outer feathers pure white, with a sub-terminal bar of black, not 

 extending on to the outer web of the outermost feather ; crown of 

 head like the back ; forehead white, as well as a narrow eyebrow, 

 which extends backwards and encircles the hind-neck ; below this 

 is a second collar of ashy brown, followed by a band of black, and 

 again by a second collar of white, which is interrupted by black in 

 the centre, so that the collar is not complete ; cheeks, sides of face, 

 and ear-coverts light ashy grey, the latter a little browner ; throat 

 ashy white, followed by a black band on the lower throat, con- 

 tinuous with the black collar on the hind-neck ; this is followed by 

 a broad white collar, which is continuous with the one on the 

 upper mantle ; this white band is succeeded by a broad band of 

 black across the chest ; the whole of the rest of the under surface 

 of the body pure white, including the under wing-coverts and 

 axillaries ; the edge of the wing mottled with blackish bases to the 

 feathers ; lower greater coverts and quill-lining ashy : " bill bluish 

 black, pale salmon-colour at the base of the lower mandible ; feet 

 straw-yellow, with a tinge of blue throughout, deepest on the joints : 

 iris very dark brown; eye bright brick-red" (0. J. Anderssori). 

 Total length 7'2 inches, culmen p 7, wing 4-45, tail 2-5, tarsus 0-8. 



Adult female. Differs from the male in not having the white 

 collar so distinct on the nape, and the upper of the two black bands 

 on the throat narrower : " bill flesh-colour at base, black at tip ; 

 feet brownish flesh-colour ; iris light brown ; eyelid bright scarlet " 

 (G. Savile Reid). Total length 6-5 inches, culmen 0-7, wing 4-4, 

 tail 2-35, tarsus 0-85. 



Hah. South Africa, extending to the Congo on the west, if the 

 specimens from Landana have been properly identified, and were not 

 0. forbesi. Throughout East Africa to Bogos-land. 



a. Ad.sk. Cape Colony (E. L.Layard). Salvin-Godman Coll. 



b, c. t$ 2 ad. sk. Paarl, Cape Colony, Jan. 23 Seebohm Coll. 



(G. E. Shelley). " 



