41. NTTMENITJS. 349 



Wirb. Eur. pp. lxxviii, 78 (1840) ; Nordm. in Demid. Toy. Ruxx. 

 Mirid. iii. p. 256 (1840) ; 8chl Rev. Crit. p. xcv (1844) ; Miihle, 

 Beitr. Orn. Griechenl. p. 110 (1844) ; Gray, Gen. B. iii. p. 569, 

 pi. rliii. -, 1847) ; Lie/it. Xmnrnrl. Av. Mux. Berol. p. 01 (1854); 

 Bp. C. R. xliii. p. 597 (1856); Javh. et Barth.-Lapomm. Rich. 

 Orn. p. 308 (1859) ; Salvin, t. ft p. 359 (Tunis) ; TrUtr. Ibis, I860, 

 p. 80 (Biskra) ; Poivys, t. c. p. 345 (Corfu, Sept.) ; Linderm. Vog. 

 Griechenl. p. 147 (I860) ; Schl. Mux. Pay 8- B as, Scolopaces, p. 92 

 (1864) ; Wright, Ibis, 1864, p. 145 (Malta) ; Git/1. Ibis, 1865, p. 60 

 (Pisa) ; Bree, B. Eur. iv. p. 54, cum tab. (1867) ; Degl. et Gerbe, 

 Orn. Eur. ii. p. 160 (1867); Locke, Expl. Set. Alger., Ois. ii. 

 p. 335 (18(37); Smith, t. c. p. 454 (Portugal); Borr/yr. Vogdf. 

 Norddeutschl. p. 121 (1869) ; Doderl. Avif. Sicil. p. i82 (1869) : 

 Elwes fy Buckley, Ibis, 1870, p. 331 (Dobrudscha) ; Saunders, Ibis, 

 1871, p. 389 (Spain); Salvad. Faun. Hal., Ucc. p. 224 (1871); 

 Gray, Hand-/. B. iii. p. 42, no. 10241 (1871) ; Dresser, B. Eur. 

 viii. p. 237, pi. 577 (1871): Shelley, B. Egypt, p. 245 (1872): 

 Heuyl. Orn. N.O.-Afr. ii. Abth. i. p. 1149 (1873: North coast of 

 Egypt) ; Brooke, Ibis, 1873, p. 340 (Sardinia) ; Irby, Orn. Str. 

 Gi.br. p. 179 (1875 : spring and autumn) ; Fallon, Ois. Belq. 

 p. 167 (1875) ; Ftanf. $ Harvie-Brown, Ibis, 1875, p. 424 (Tran- 

 sylvania) ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1882, p. 224 (Astrakhan, autumn) : 

 Bogd. Consp. Av. Imp. Ross. p. 83 (1884); Reid, Ibis, 1885, 

 p. 253 (Morocco, winter) ; Zarudn. Bull. Mosc. 1885, p. 328 (Plain 

 of Te"ke) : Gigl. A oif. Ital. p. 408 (1886) ; Salvad. Elenco Ucc. Hal. 

 p. 230 (1886) ; Tait, Ibis, 1887, p. 393 (Portugal) ; Salvad. Ibis, 

 1888, p. 321 ; Seebohm, Geoyr. Disbr. Charadr. p. 325 (1888) ; 

 Lilford, Ibis, 1889, p. 342 (Cyprus) ; Gigl. Avif. Ital. 1st Resoc. 

 p. 623 (1889), 2nd Resoc. p. 656 (1890), 3rd Resoc. p. 514 (1891) ; 

 Heine 8f Reichen. Nomencl. Mus. Hein. p. 325 (1890) ; Gatke, 

 Vogelw. Ilelgol. p. 476 (1891) ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1892, p. 22 (Heligo- 

 land) : Fa/ in .v Studer, Cat. distr. Ois. Suisse, p. 4(3 (1892) ; Graaf, 

 Ibis, 1893. p. 150 (Spaarndam, X. Holland, Dec.) ; Irby, Orn. Sir. 

 Gibr. 2nd ed. p. 290 (1895). 

 Numenius svngenicos, Mi/Mr, Beitr .Orn. Griechenl. p. 14 (1844); Gray, 

 Gen. B. iii. p. 569 (1847) ; Linderm. Vog. Griechenl. p. 147 (I860). 



Adult male in breeding-plumage. Similar to N. arquatus, but 

 readily distinguished by its smaller size ; the lower back and rump 

 always pure white, with no black spots or streaks ; the upper tail- 

 coverts with longitudinal black centres, very distinct ; the tail 

 always white, with no ashy or buff shade, and distinctly barred 

 across with dark brown. A white eyebrow is generally visible and 

 the nape and hind-neck are also more or less whitish, forming iu 

 some specimens an indication of a pale collar. Total length 16 

 inches, culmen 2-Jo, wing 9-7, tail 3"5, tarsus 2 - 4. 



A, hilt female. Similar to the male and only slightly larger. Total 

 length 16 inches, culmen 3 - 5, wing 9*9, tail 3-9, tarsus 2*4. 



Adult in winter 2>lumage. Similar to the summer plumage, but 

 rather more sandy rufous in tone and with fewer streaks and spots 

 of black on the rump : the under surface longitudinally streaked 

 and spotted, but the streaks much narrower aud the spots less 

 heart-shaped. 



Young. Similar to the winter plumage of the adults, but always 

 to be distinguished by the light notches on both webs of the inner- 

 most secondaries. 



