43. limosa. .'575 



A v. Hung. p. 138 (1891) ; Harvie-Brown Sf Buckley, Vertebr, 

 Faun. Orkney Isl. p. 221 (1891) ; iid. Vertebr. Faun. Argyll Sf 

 Inner Ilebr. p. 182 (1892) ; Macph. Vertebr. Faun. Lakeland, 

 p. 402 (1892) ; Sibree, Ibis, 1892, p. 11". (Madagascar) ; Hartert, 

 t. c. p. 514 ; Fatio $ Studer, Cat. distrib. Ois. Suisse, p. 46 (1892 ) ; 

 Lilford, Col. Fig. Brit. B. part xxii. (1892); Meade- Waldo, Ibis, 

 L893, p. 205 (Canaries) ; Tacz. Mem. Acad. Imp. St. Petersb. (!) 

 xxxix. p. 932 (1893) ; Pearson fy Bidwell, Ibis, 1894, p. 235 (N. Nor- 

 way) ; Irby, Orn. Str. Gibr. 2nd ed. p. 288 (1895). 

 Totauus rufus, Secbohm, Hist. Brit. B. iii. p. 150 (1885). 



Adult male in breeding-plumage. General colour above blackish, 

 mottled with chestnut-red, with which each feather is notched or 

 margined ; wing-coverts dark brown, with white edgings to the 

 feathers, a little broader on the inner webs of the greater series, 

 many of the coverts tinged with chestnut, especially the inner 

 greater coverts ; bastard-wing, primary-coverts, and quills blackish, 

 the primaries lighter brown on the inner web, freckled towards its 

 base, wliich is whitish, the first primary with a white shaft, the 

 rest with brown shafts ; secondaries brown, edged with white, and 

 with a longitudinal subterminal mark of white along the inner web ; 

 the innermost secondaries like the back, blackish notched with 

 rufous ; lower back and rump white, mottled with spear-shaped 

 spots of black ; the upper tail-coverts barred with black and white, 

 or chestnut and black ; tail-feathers brown or greyish brown, tipped 

 with white and barred across with white, the white bars sometimes 

 tinged with chestnut; crown of head chestnut, streaked with blackish- 

 brown centres to the feathers, narrower on the hind-neck ; a broad 

 chestnut eyebrow ; lores and sides of face chestnut, with numerous 

 blackish spots on the former ; under the eye a whitish spot ; entire 

 under surface of body chestnut, with blackish streaks on the sides 

 of the upper breast ; under wing-coverts and axillaries white, with 

 indistinct spots on the former, and bars on the latter of dusky 

 brown ; quills dusky below, with more or less white on the inner 

 webs : " bill flesh-colour, dusky on its terminal half ; feet greyish 

 blue, toes darker, claws black; iris brown" (W. MacgilUvray). 

 Total length 18-5 inches, culmen 2-65, wing 7'9, tail 2-8, tarsus 

 1-8. 



Adult female. Similar to the male, but with a longer bill, and 

 apparently never becoming so entirely chestnut below or ou the 

 sides of the face and neck. Total length 16 inches, culmen 3 - 9, 

 wing B'25, bail 2*95, tarsus 1*8. 



The pair above described were shot by myself on the 14th of May, 

 1880. The female has very little black spotting on the rump, and 

 the breast is for the most part white, with an admixturo of pale 

 chestnut, with considerable remains of arrow-head bars on the 

 flanks. Even on the back the chestnut is not so pronounced as in 

 the male. 



in winter plumage. Ashy brown above, with longitudinal 

 black centres to the feathers, and evident ashy-white margins, the 

 wing-coverts like the back, and the white edges very strongly marked ; 



