558 CHABADEIID.ffi. 



brown, with longitudinal shaft-streaks of darker brown ; wing- 

 coverts brown, with a slight bronzy gloss, tbe shaft-lines darker, 

 and slight indications of paler edges; the greater coverts tipped with 

 white, forming a cross-band on the wing ; bastard- wing, primary- 

 coverts, and quills blackish brown, the shafts of the primaries pale 

 whity-brown, that of the first outer primary white; the bastard 

 primary white, with a brown centre ; all the primaries white at the 

 extreme base ; secondaries brown, white at base of the inner web, 

 and fringed with white at the ends ; the long inner secondaries 

 bronzy brown with dusky centres ; centre tail-feathers dusky brown, 

 the remainder ashy brown, with white in the centre, increasing in 

 extent towards the outer feathers, the two external ones entirely 

 white ; crown of head ashy brown like the back ; lores dull brown, 

 surmounted by a streak of white, hardly joined to a second streak 

 above the ear-coverts, which forms an indistinct eyebrow; eyelid 

 white ; sides of face and ear-coverts ashy brown, streaked with 

 dusky brown ; the cheeks and throat white, with a few dusky 

 streaks on the cheeks and lower throat; fore-neck and upper breast 

 light ashy brown ; lower breast, abdomen, sides of body, and flanks 

 pure white ; thighs brown, white internally ; under tail-coverts 

 white ; under wing-coverts and axillaries white ; the coverts round 

 the bend of the wing dusky brown with whitish edges, the lower 

 primary-coverts brown, forming a patch ; quills below ashy brown, 

 somewhat lighter along the inner edge. Total length 5-5 inches, 

 culmen 06, wing 3*8, tail 1-8, tarsus 07, mid toe and claw 07. 



Adult male in breeding-plumage. Only differs from the winter 

 plumage in being more mottled above, the feathers having black 

 centres, and being tinged with rufous, especially on the edges of 

 the feathers ; the lower throat and chest have also some distinct 

 shaft-lines : " bill olive-black, lighter olive-brownish at base, 

 especially on the lower mandible ; feet olive-yellow, the joints more 

 dusky ; iris dark brown " {L. Stejneger). Total length 5-3 inches, 

 culmen 0-75, wing 3*7, tail 1*8, tarsus - 65, middle toe and 

 claw 0-7. 



Adxdt female in breeding-plumage. Similar to the male and appa- 

 rently quite as much mottled. Total length 5-2 inches, culmen 0*8, 

 wing 3-9, tail 1-85, tarsus 065, middle toe and claw 0-7. 



Young birds. These can always be distinguished from the adults 

 in summer or winter plumage by the narrow sandy-buff margins to 

 the feathers of the upper surface, and by the ashy-fulvous tinge 

 on the fore-neck, which is devoid of the dusky streaks seen in the 

 adults. 



Nestling. Covered with golden-buff down, spotted with black, 

 and spangled with silvery tips to the down ; the black forms a line 

 down the centre of the back ; under surface dull white, tinged with 

 buff on the fore-neck. 



Hub. Breeding in northern portions of the Old World, migrating 

 south in winter to N. Africa, the Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, the 

 Burmese countries and China. 



