580 CHAEADEIIBiE. 



Ibis, 1892, p. 25 (Heligoland) : Hartert, t. c. p. 515 (East Prussia) 

 Scott, Auk, ix. p. 212 (1892: Florida); Fatio $ Studer, Cat 

 distr. Ois. Suisse, p. 48 (1892); Allen, Auk, x. p. 123 (1893) 

 Elliot, N. Amer. Shore-Birds, p. 66, cum tab. (1895) ; Schalow 

 J.f. O. 1895, p. 470 (West Greenland). 



Tringa lincolnieusis, Lath. Ind. Orn. ii. p. 734 (1790 : Lincolnshire) ; 

 Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxxiv. p. 469 (1819). 



Tringa nigricans, Montagu, Trans. Linn. Soc. iv. p. 40, pi. 2. fig. 2 

 (1796) ; Leach, Syst. Cat. Mamm. fyc. Brit. Mas. p. 30 (1816) ; 

 Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 652 (1831) ; Irby, Orn. Straits Gibr. 

 p. 171 (1875). 



Quebec Sandpiper, Lath. Gen. Syn. Suppl. ii. p. 313 (1801 : Quebec). 



Tringa canadensis, Lath. Lnd. Orn. Suppl. p. lxv (1801). 



Trynga arquatella, Pall. Zooyr. Rosso-Asiat. ii. p. 190, pt. (1811). 



Totanus maritimus, Stephens in Shaw's Gen. Zool. xii. p. 146 (1824). 



Tringa striata {nee Linn.), Fleming, Brit. Anim. p. 110 (1828) ; 

 Dresser, B. Eur. viii. p. 69, pi. 554 (1877) ; Salvin, Cat. Strickl. 

 Coll. p. 610 (1882) ; B. O. U. List Brit. B. p. 171 (1883) ; 

 Saunders, ed. Yarrell's Brit. B. iii. p. 408 (1883) ; Slater 8f 

 Carter, Ibis, 1886, p. 50 (Northern Iceland, June and Jul}', breed- 

 ing) ; Tait, Ibis, 1887, p. 390 (Portugal, Nov., Dec); Harvie- 

 Brown fy Buckley, Vertebr. Faun. Caithn. p. 220 (1887 : winter) ; 

 id. Vertebr. Faun. Older Hebr. p. 132 (1888) ; Saunders, Man. 

 Brit. B. p. 579 (1889) ; Buckley J- Harvie-Brown, Vertebr. Faun. 

 Orkney Isl. p. 217 (1891) ; iid. Vertebr. Faun. Argyll fy Inner 

 Hebr. p. 178 (1892) ; Macph. Vertebr. Faun. Lakel. p. 386 (1892) ; 

 Li/ford, Col. Fig. Brit. B. pt. xxiv. (1893); Pearson fy Bidivell, 

 Ibis, 1894, p. 235 (N. Norway); Pearson, Ibis, 1895, p. 248 

 (Iceland) ; Irby, Orn. Straits Gibr. 2nd ed. p. 252 (1895). 



Calidris maritima, Cuv. Regne Anim. i. p. 525 (1829). 



Tringa littoralis, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p. 652 (1831). 



The Purple Sandpiper, Nuttall, Man. Orn. ii. p. 115 (1834) ; Yarrell, 

 Brit. B. ii. p. 665 (1843). 



Tringa (Arquatella) maritima, Baird, B. N. Amer. p. 717 (1858) ; 

 Palmen, Finl. Fogl. p. 193 (1873) ; Ridgw. Ann. Lye. N. Y. x. 

 p. 384 (1874: Illinois). 



Arquatella maritima, Coues, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad. 1861, 

 p. 183 ; Gould, B. Gt. Brit. iv. pi. 74 (1869) ; Ridgw. Proc. U.S. 

 Nat. Mus. iii. p. 99 (1880) ; id. Bull. Nutt. Orn. Club, v. p. 162 

 (1880 : North-eastern N. America) ; Coues, Check-list N. Amer. 

 J9.p. 101 (1882) ; Baird, Brewer, §• Ridgw. Water-Birds N. Amer.. 

 i. p. 217 (1884) ; Coues, Key N. Amer. B. 2nd ed. p. 629 (1884) ; 

 Turner, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus. viii. p. 246 (1885: Labrador); 

 Salvad. Elenco Ucc. Ital. p. 218 (1886); A. O. U. Check-list 

 N. Amer. B. p. 149 (1886). 



Pelidna maritima, Fritsch, Vog. Eur. p. 353, tab. 33. fig. 12 (1870) ; 

 Saunders, Ibis, 1871, p. 388 (Spain, winter); Salvad. Faun. Ital., 

 Ucc. p. 212 (1871) ; Gigl. Ibis, 1881, p. 209 (Tuscany and Genoa, 

 rare); id. Iconogr. Avif. Ital. no. 283; id. Aiif. Ital. p. 383 

 (1886) ; id. ibid. 1st Resoc. p. 585 (1889), 2nd Resoc. p. 657 (1890). 



The Purple or Rock Sandpiper, Graham, B. Iona § Mull, p. 234 

 (1890). _ 



Actia maritima, Heine § Reichen. No>7iencl. Mus. Hein. p. 329 (1890: 

 Iceland and Greenland). 



Adult in winter plumage. General colour above sooty-black with 

 a purplish gloss, the feathers having pale margins of dull ashy grey, 



