712 CHIONIDrD-E. 



1 . Chionarchus minor. 



Chionis minor, Hartl. Rev. Zool. 1841, p. 5, 1842, pi. ii. figs. 2, 2 a; 



Lafr. t. c. p. 402 ; Gray, List Grail. Brit. Mus p. 52 (1844 : Ker- 



guelen's Land} ; id. 8f Mitchell, Gen. B. iii. p. 522, pi. 136 (1845) ; 



Beiehenb. Gall. tab. clxxix. fig. 1547 (1850) ; Bp. C. B. xliii. 



p. 420 (1856) ; Schl. Handl. Dterk. p. 400, pi. viii. fi<r. 98 (1857) ; 



id. Dier. p. 232 cum fig. ; Hutton, Ibis, 18H5, p. 277 (Prince Edward 



Isl.) ; Gray, List Gall. Brit. Mus. p. 95 (1867) ; id.Hand-l. B. iii. 



p. 21, no. 10056 (1871) ; Kidder, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. ii. pp. 1-4 



(1875) ; id. 8f Cows, op. cit. iii. p. 7 (1876) ; Reichen. J. f. 0. 



1876, p. 89 ; id. fy Cab. t. c. p. 327, pi. i. fig. 2 ; Sharpe, Phil. Trans. 



168 (extra vol.), p. 102 (1879) ; SImfeldt,Journ. Anal. § Phys. (2) 



v. pt. iv. pp. 509-525, pis. xi., xii. (1891). 

 Chionarchus minor, Kidder § Coues, Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. iii. pp. 85 



-116 (1876) ; Shufeldt, Auk, x. pp. 158-165 (1893). 



Adult. Entirely snowy white ; " bill black, as well as a black 

 caruncle extending from the base of the sheath upwards to the 

 front of the eye, both in males and females, more prominent in the 

 former, and especially after the birds have paired ; tarsus and foot 

 dull white, with a flesh-tint; eyelid pale pink; iris purplish black" 

 {J. H. Kidder). Total length 16 inches, culmen 1*5, wing 9*3, 

 tail 4, tarsus 1*7. 



Adult female. Smaller than the males, and not having such large 

 bills as the latter. Total length 15 - 5 inches, culmen 1-3, wing 8, 

 tail 3*5, tarsus 1*6. 



Young. According to Sir Joseph Hooker, the young birds have 

 pink tips to their wings. No trace of this is seen in any of the 

 skins in the Museum. 



Nestling. Clothed in unicolorous slate-grey down (A. E. Eaton). 



According to Dr. Kidder, the male has a scaly, black, blunt spine 

 projecting from the carpal joint of the wing for 0-35 to - 4 inch. 

 In the female this spur is represented by a small flesh-coloured 

 knob. 



Mr. Eaton says that the sheath is immovable. " In the chick it 

 is concrete with the horny substance of the bill, and is only indi- 

 cated by a faint line of demarcation. In the course of growth it 

 becomes developed into a distinct lamina, embracing the base of the 

 upper mandible." 



Hah. Kerguelen, Marion, and Prince Edward Islands. The birds 

 from Marion Island are smaller than those of Kerguelen Island, and 

 have a conspicuously smaller bill. 



a. Ad. st. Kerguelen Island. Lieut. A. Smith, R.N. 



[P.]. 



b, c. Ad. sk. Kerguelen Island. Lieut. A. Smith, R.N. 



[ p 0- . 



d. $ a( i. sk. Kerguelen Island. Antarctic Expedition. 



e. 5 ad. sk. Kerguelen Island, Sept. Hume Coll. 



f-i. 6 2 ad. sk. Betsy Cove, Kerguelen Island. Voy. H.M.S. ' Chal- 

 lenger.' 

 k, I. Ad. sk. Christmas Harbour, Kerguelen Antarctic Expedition. 



Isl., May 30 (B. McCormick). 



