p. 244 (1882); Davidson, t. c. p. 324 (1882: W. Khandeish, 

 cold weather) ; Oates, B. Brit. Burm. ii. p. 268 (1883 : ? breeding) ; 

 Parker, Ibis, 1883, pp. 194, 195 (Ceylon: breeding); Swinh. 8f 

 Barnes, Ibis, 1885, p. 136 (Mbow) ; Seeb. B. Japan. Emj). p. 232 

 (1890: Yokohama); Oates, ed. Humes Kests^ Eggs/ni. p. 226 

 (1890 : Jhansie : breeding) ; De la Tmiche, Ibis, 1892, p. 490 

 (Foochow and Svratow). 



Ibis leucon, Temm. PL Col. v. pi. 481 (1829: Java). 



Ibis raacei, Wagler, Syst. Av., Ibis, p. 368, sp. 3 (1827). 



Ibis bengala, C'uv. Regne Anim. i. p. 520 (1829) ; Less. Traite, p. 568 

 (1831). 



Ibis religiosa {nee L.), Sykes, P. Z. S. 1832, p. 160. 



Ibis aimolene, Hodgs. Icon. ined. in Brit. Mt(s., Grallce, pi. 79 

 (no. 865) ; id. in Gray's Zool. Misc. p. 86 (1844 : Nepal Terai). 



Geronticus melanocephalus, Gra>/, List Grallce Brit. Mus. p. 90 

 (1844) ; id. Gen. B. iii. p. 566 (1847) ; id. Hand-l. B. iii. p. 40, 

 no. 10222 (1871 ). 



Threskiornis melanocephalus, Gray, Cat. Mamv}. etc. Nepal pres. 

 Hodgs. p. 137 (1846) ; Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. A.S.B. p. 275 (1849 : 

 Assam) ; Irby, Ibis, 1861, p. 243 (Oudh) ; Sivink. P. Z. S. 1863, 

 p. 318 ; Jerd. B. Ind. iii. p. 768 (1864) ; Blyth, Ibis, 1867, p. 174 ; 

 Bearan, Ibis, 1868, p. .399 (Julpigorie ; Maunbhoom, March ; 

 Moulmein, Oct.); Blyth, Ibis, 1870, p. 175; Holdsn: P. Z. S. 1872, 

 p. 479; Godicin-Attsten. J.A.S. Beng.xYi. p. 143 (1872: Mvmen- 

 sing) ; Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Ind. B. "p. 632 (1873) ; id. Str' F. i. 

 pp. 106, 257 (1873: Sind) ; Ada77i, t. c. p. 400 (Sambhur) ; Hayes 

 Lloyd, Ibis, 1873, p. 419 (Kathiawar) ; Ball, Sir. F. ii. p. 436 

 (1874) ; Gates, Str. F. iii. p. 347 (1875) ; Butler, Str. F. iv. p. 25 

 (lb76 : N. Guzerat) ; Binqham,t. c. p. 213 (Cawnpore : breeding) ; 

 Fairb. t.c. p. 264 (Dec-can); Ball, Sir. F. vii. p. 231 (1878: 

 Ganges— Godaveri) ; Murray, Vertebr. Faun. Sind, p. 278 (1884 : 

 Siud, breeding). 



Ibis propinqua, Swinh. P. Z. S. 1870, p. 428; id. P. Z. S. 1871, 

 p. 41 ] (Talienwan ; Canton River) ; Blakkt. S,- Pryer, B. Japan, 

 p. 117 (1882: near Tokio) : Seeb. Ibis, 1884, p. 35, 1888, p. 473 

 (Yedo) ; id. Ibis, 1888, p. 473 (syn.) ; Blakist. Amended List B. 

 Japan, pp. 24, 40 (1884: not in Yezo) ; Stejn. Pr. U.S. Nat. 

 Mus. X. p. 274 (^1887). 



Adult male in breeding-plumage. Similar to /. cvthiopica, being 

 ■white all over like that species, but distiuguished by its pure white 

 quills, which have no black tips, by having the long inner secondaries 

 pearly grey, and by having a ruff of elongated feathers round the 

 neck descending in a tuft of long plumes on the fore-neck : " bill 

 black ; whole head and neck, and edges of eyelids dark bluish 

 black; legs and toes glossy black ; claws dull blaVk " {E. W. Oates): 

 "bare skin of wing-bones blood-red" ( F. Ball). Total length 

 24 inches, culmen 6-5, wing 14-5, tail 5, tarsus 4-3, middle toe 

 and claw 3-9. 



Adidt wale in winter plumarje. Distinguished by the absence of 

 the elongated plumes on the fore-neck, and the want of the de- 

 composed feathers on the inner secondaries, the latter being ordinary 

 rounded quills of a grey colour. 



From the varying amount of black feathers on the neck of winter- 

 plumaged birds, I imagine that at the last-named season of the year 



