64 ARDEID^. 



Blair) ; Hume, Str. F. iii. p. 190 (1875 : Pegu) ; Blyth 8^ Wald. 

 B. Bwrm. p. 159 (1875) ; Wcdd. Ti: Zool. Soc. ix. p. 236 (1875) ; 

 Butler S,- Hume, Str. F. iv. p. 23 (1876: N. Guzerat) ; Fairb. t. c. 

 p. 263 (Deccan); Hime, Str. F. v. p. 46 (1877: N.E. Cachar) ; 

 Sharpe,Ibis, 1877, p. 24 (Bintiilu); Tioeedd. t.c. p. 323 (Sumatra); 

 David (§• Oust. Ois. Chine, p. 438 (1877) ; Hume 8f Dcamon, Str. 

 F. vi. p. 472 (1878: Thatone ; Kbykehto ; Tavoy) ; Hume, Str. 

 F. vii. p. 39 (1878: Travancore) ; Butler, t.c. p. 189 (E. Narra) ; 

 Ball, t. c. p. 230 (Ganges to Godavery) ; Cripps, t. c. p. 307 

 (Faridpur) ; Doig, t. c. p. 467 (Sindh, breeding) ; Hmne, t. c. 

 p. 490 (Calcutta); Huvie, Str. F. viii. p. 114 (1879); id. t.c. 

 p. 159 (Tonlia); Vidal, t. c. p. 173 (S. Konkan) : Doiff, t. c. p. 372 

 (E. Narra) ; Legge, B. Ceylon, p. 1132 (1879) ; Meyer, Ibis, 1879, 

 p. 143 (N. Celebes; Tomiiii Bay); Butler, Cat. B. Sind etc. p. 69 

 (1879) ; id. Cat. B. S. Bumb. Pres. p. 82 (1880 : Eatnio-iri ; Deccan ; 

 Belgaum); Vidal, Str. F. ix. p. 88 (1880: S. Konkan); Butler, 

 t. c. p. 433 (S. Mahratta Country) ; Reid, Str. F. x. p. 74 (1881 : 

 Lucknow) ; Davidson, Str. F. x. p. 323 (1882 : W. Khandeish) ; 

 Davison, t. c. p. 416 (1883 : Nilghiris) ; Parker, Ibis, 1883, p. 95 

 (Ceylon, migrant) ; Miuray, Vertebr. Faun. Sind, p. 269 (1884) ; 

 Swinh. 4" Barnes, Ibis, 1885, p. 135 (Mhow) ; Macgregor, Str. F. 

 X. p. 442 (1887 : Bidi Taluka) ; Hume, Str. F. xi. p. 332 (1888: 

 Manipur) ; Fverett, Journ. Straits Br. As. Soc. 1889, p. 189 ; Sharpe, 

 Ibis, 1890, pp. 14G, 285 (Benkoka) ; Styan, Ibis, 1891, pp. .327, 491 

 (Lower Yangtse, migrant) ; De la Touche, t. c. p. 488 (Foochow) ; 

 Stejn. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. p. 493 (1891) ; Hose, Ibis, 1893, 

 p. 420 (Baram). 



Ardea purpurea, var. manillensis, Meyen, Acta Acad. Leop.-Carol. 

 xvi. Siqipl. p. 102 ; id. Meis. um die JErde, iii. p. 226 (1831). 



Pboyx manillensis, Sliarpe, Bull. B. O. Club, iii. p. xxxviii (1894), 

 V. p. xi (1895). 



Adult male. Similar to P. inirpurea, but distinguished by its 

 uniform chestnut lower throat and fore-neck, which have scarcely any 

 black streaking at all, by the much more distinct lateral black streaks 

 on the neck, by the slaty-black colour of the chest, abdomen, and 

 under tail-coverts: "upper mandible dark brown, the margins 

 dusky yellow as far back as the nostrils, produced to the eye ; 

 margins from nostrils to gape dark brown : anterior half of lower 

 mandible clear yellow, the posterior half dull yellow ; gape and 

 facial skin greenish yellow ; edges of the eyehds yellow ; feet and 

 toes yellowish, the front of the tarsus and toes glossy brown ; 

 claws dark horn-colour ; iris yellow " {E. W. Oates). Total length 

 30 inches, culmen 6-2, wing 14-7, tail 5*4, tarsus 5-3 



Adult female. Similar to the male, but not quite so bright, and 

 the black crest-plumes not quite so long. 



Nestling. Crown of head, quills, and tail lavender-brown ; throat 

 and chin pure white ; sides of head and upper neck rufous ; lower 

 neck rufous-grey, the feathers on the sides being centred with 

 brown ; lower plumage rufcscent, each feather more or less dark- 

 centred ; thighs plain rufous ; upper plumage brown, each feather 

 edged with rufescent, more especially on the scapulars and tertiaries ; 

 ujjper and lower wing-coverts bluish brown, each feather broadly 

 edged \\\i\i rufous {E. W. Oates). 



Hub. Indian Peninsula and Ceylon, eastwards to the Yangtse River 

 in China, and south through the Burmese countries, Malay Peninsula, 

 Sumatra, Java, and Borneo, to Celebes and the Philippine Islands. 



