202 ARDEID^. 



Europe and Asia, with the whole of Africa and India, and extending: 

 to the Moluccas. 



Key to tlie Species. 



Inner secondaries white like the rest of the 



quills. 

 a'. Back and dorsal train rufous. 



a" . Head streaked with black ; nuchal plumes 

 white with black edges ; dorsal train 

 dark vinous ; sides of neck and fore-neck , „ •, „ ono 



unitorm cinnamon-butt < • , qqV. 



b". Head uniform greyish ochre ; long nape- ' ' P" "^ 

 plumes pure white ; dorsal train dark 

 chestnut, almost blackish ; sides of neck 

 and fore-neck greyish ochre, with ochre- 

 ous filamentous plumes on the former . . gi'ayi, p. 207. 

 b' . Back and dorsal train black. 



e". Head, neck, and ornamental nape-plumes 



rich chestnut ; throat white bacchus, p. 211. 



d". Head and neck tawny, becoming chestnut 

 on the hind-neck and on the fore-neck ; 



nape-plumes creamy buff or white speciosa, p. 212. 



Innermost secondaries brown like the back ; 



head and neck striped Young and winter 



plumage of all the species. 



1. Ardeola ralloides. 



Le Petit Butor, Briss. Orn. y. p. 542 (1760) ; Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. 

 vii. p. 423 (1780). 



Le Crabier, Briss. torn. cit. p. 466. 



Le Crabier roux tachete, Briss. torn. cit. p. 471. 



Le Crabier jaune, Briss. torn. cit. p. 472. 



Ardea ralloides, Scop. Ann. i. p. 88 (17G9) ; Temm. Man. d'Orn, 

 p. 369 (1815) ; id. 2nd ed. ii. p. 581 (1820) ; Roua; Orn. Prov. 

 pis. 320, 321 (1825) ; Werner, Atlas, Cotirmcrs, pi. 28 (1827) ; 

 Fknmiff, Brit. Anim. p. 96 (1828) ; Jenyns, Man. Brit. Vertebr, 

 p. 189 (1835) ; Crespon, Orn. Gard, p. 388 (1840) ; Keys. i>( Bias. 

 Wirb. Eur. pp. Ixxx, 219 (1840) ; Seh/s-Lonrjch. Faun. Beige, 

 p. 133 (1842) ; Schl. Rev. Crit. p. xcvii (1844) ; Gray, Gen. B. 

 iii. p. 656 (1847) ; Tristr. Ibis, 1860, p. .372 (Algeria) ; Schl. Dier. 

 Nederl. Vvgels,-p\. 19. fig. 7 (1861); Reuyl. J.f. O. 1867, p. 303; 

 Chapm. Trav. S. Afr. ii. App. p. 417 (1S68) ; Tristr. Ibis, 1868, 

 p. 325 (Palestine) ; Smith, t. c. p. 453 (Portugal) ; Sau?iders, Ibis, 

 18G9, p. 181 (Spain) ; Blwes 4- Buckley, Ibis, 1870, p. 334 (Danube, 

 breeding) ; Fallon, Ois. Belg. p. 162 (1875) ; Dresser, B. Eur. vi. 

 p. 251, pi. 400. fig. 2 (1879); Salvin, Cat. Strickl. Coll. p. 517 

 (1882) ; B. O. U. List Brit. B. p. 109 (1883) ; Seebohm, Ibis, 1883, 

 p. 398 (Dobrudscha, breeding) ; Saunders, ed. Yarrell's Brit. B. 

 iv. p. 191 (1884) ; Tristr. Faun. ^ Flor. Palest, p. 110 (1884) ; 

 Eaqle Clarke, Ibis, 1884, p. 146 (Obedska-bara, breeding) ; 

 Whitehead, Ibis. 1885, p. 44 (Corsica) ; Tait, Ibis, 1887, p. 373 

 (Portugal); Koenig, J. f. O. 1888, p. 273 (Tunis); Saunders, Man. 

 Brit. B. p. 365 (1889) ; Eeichen. Syst. Verz. Vog. Deutschl. p. 41 



