4. cicoxiA. 299- 



Key to the Species. 



a. Under surface of body and tail white, like the head 



and neck and back. 



a', ymallev : bill red ciconia, p. 299. 



6'. Larger : bill black boyciana, p. 302. 



b. Breast and abdomen white ; tail black with bronzy, 



greenish, or purple reflections, like the head and 



neck and entire upper parts nvjra, p. 303. 



1. Ciconia ciconia. 



The Common or White Stork, Albin, Nat. Hist. B. ii. p. 59, pi. 64 

 (1738). 



La Cigogne blanche, Bnss. Orn. v. p. 365, pi. 32(1700) ; D'Anbetit. 

 PL Enl. viii. pi. 866. 



Ardea ciconia, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 235 (1766) ; Gm. 8yst. Nat. i. 

 p. 6-22 (1788) ; Lath. Ind. Orn. ii. p, 676 (1790) ; C/iajmi. Trav. S. 

 Afr. ii. App. p. 418 (1868). 



La Cigogne, Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois, vii. p. 253, pi. xii. (1780). 



White ytork, Lath. Gen. Syn. in. pt. 1, p. 47 (1785). 



Ciconia alba, Bechst. Naturg. Deutschl. iy. p. 82 (1793) ; Pallas, 

 Zooyr. Rosso- Asiat. ii. p. 113 (1811) ; Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. 

 vii. p. 106 (1817); Temm. Man. d'Orn. ii. p. 560 (1820) ; Wnyl. 

 Syst., Av. Ciconia, sp. 8, p. 139 (1827) ; Werner, Atlas, Coureurs, 

 pi. 20 (1827); Fleming, Brit. Anim. p. 97 (182s); Roia; Orn. 

 Prov. pi. 324 (1830): Less. Trailed' Orn. p. 580 (I8:n );Menetr. Cat. 

 Pais. Cauc. p. 50 (1832) ; Jenyns, Man. Brit. Vertebr. p. 194 

 (1835) ; Sfriekl. P. Z. S. 1836, p. 101 (Smyrna) : Gould, B. Uur. 

 iv. pi. 283 (1837) ; Naum. Voy. Deutschl. ix. p. 231 (1838) ; Bp. 

 Comp. List B. Eur. ^ N. Amer. p. 46 (1838) ; Cresp. Orn. Gard, 

 p. 376 (1840); Keys. i<f Bias. Wirb. Eur. pp. Ixxxi, 221 (1840); 

 Nordm. in Demid. Voy. Puss. Merid. iii. p. 264 (1840) ; Webb i^- 

 Berth. Orn. Canar. p. 36 (1841) ; Selys-Loni/ch. Faun. Beige, 

 p. 131 (1842) ; Gray, List Grail. Brit. Mus. p. 88 (1844) ; Miihle, 

 Orn. Grieehenl. p. 117 (1844); Schl Pev. Crit. p. xcix (1844); 

 Piipp. Syst. Uebers. p. 121 (1845: Egypt, Maich, Aul.^) ; Hewits. 

 Eyys Brit. B. ii. p. 279, pi. Ixxvii. fig. 1 (1846) ; Peichenb. Grail. 

 tab. xciii. figs. 449-50 (1848); Gray, Gen. B. iii. p. 561 (1848); 

 Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 276 (1849: Calcutta); Ihomps. 

 B. Irel. ii. p. 175 (1850) ; StricM. P. Z. S. 1850, p. 221 (Kordofan) j 

 Kjcerb. Damn. Fui/le, pi. xxxii. tig. 6 (1851) ; Macgill. Brit. B. iv. 

 p. 481 (1852) : Schl. Vog. Nederl. pi. 199 (1854) ; Licht. Nomencl. 

 Av. Mus. Berol. p. 90 (1854: Senegal) ; Bp. Comp. Av. ii. p. 104 

 (1855); Heugl. Syst. Uehers. p. 60 (1856) ; Llartl. Orn. W.-Afr. 

 p. 266 (1857) ; Sundev. Sv. Fogl. pi. 47. fig. 1 (1858) ; Jaub. t 

 Barth.-Lapomm. Rich. Orn. p. .303 (1859); Tristr. Ibis, 1859, p. 36 

 (.Jerusalem) ; Taylor, t. c. p. 51 (Egypt) ; Salvin, t. c. p. 359 (Tunis) ; 

 Linderm. Vog. Grieehenl. p. 154 ("1860) ; Tristr. Ibis, 1860, p. 76 

 (Sahara) ; Gurney, t. c. p. 220 (Natal) ; Powi/s, t. c. p. 347 (Epirus, 

 March) ; Schl. Dier. Nederl. Vogels, -pi. 20. figs. 3, 3^{lS61);Irby,Ibis, 

 1861, p. 244 (Oudh ) ; Simpson, t. c. p. 371 (Dobrudscha, breeding) ; 

 Ilartl. J.f. O. 18()1, p. 270; Gray, List Brit. B. p. 151 (1863); Schl. 

 Mus. Pays-Bas, Ciconia, p. 2 (18(M) ; Nordm. J. f. O. 1864, 

 p. 376 (S. Sweden) ; Jerd. B. Ind. iii. p. 736 (1864) ; Adams, Ibis, 

 1864, i>. 30 (Egypt and Nubia) ; Wright, t. c. p. 144 (Malta,. 



