4. cicoNiA. 305 



Swinhoe ^- Barnt's, Ibis, 1885, p. 13o (Mhow distv.) ; Giylioli, Avif- 

 Ital. p. 287 (188H) ; Salcad. Elenco Ucc. ltd. p. 247 (1886) ; 

 Ayren, Ibis, 1886, p. 2!)7 (Transvaal) ; Tait, Ibis, 1887, p. 374 

 (Portugal); Giglioli S; Manzella, Iconof/r. Avif. Ital. pt. xxxvii. 

 (1887); Hume, Str. F. xi. p. 331 (1888: iSlanipur) ; Irbij, Key 

 Liit Brit. B. p. 93 (1888) ; Harvie Brown H^ Buckley, Vertebr. 

 Faun. Inner Hebr. p. 96 (1888) ; Sousa, Join. Lisb. (2) no. 1, 

 p. 37 (1889) ; Saunders, Man. Brit. B. p. 377 (1889) ; Reichen. 

 Si/st. Verz. Vdq. Dvutschl. p. 42 (1889) ; Harti^iy, Zool. 1890, 

 p. 353 (Scilly Isl.) ; GiqlioU, Avif. Ital, \st Resoc. p. 448 (1889) ; 

 id. 2nd Resoc. p. 648 (1890) ; id. 3rd Resoo. p. 509 (1891) ; 

 Sharjye, Ibis, 1891, p. 112 (Fao) ; Sfi/an, t. c. pp. 327, 493 (Lower 

 Yangtse): Lilfurd, Col. Fig. Brit. B. Part xx. (1891) ; Gatke, 

 Voffelw. Helffol. p. 468 (1891); Frirald^ky, Av. Hung. p. 134 

 (1891) ; Ma'dardsz, Erldut. Ausst. Uncjar. Vof/elf. p. 107 (1891) ; 

 Reiser, Vo(/eh. Landesin. Sarajevo, p. 108 (1891) ; Seebohm, Ibis, 

 1892, p. 2l' (Heligoland) ; Hartert, t. c. p. 513 (E. Prussia) ; Bocage, 

 Jam. Lisb. (2) no. viii. p. 248, no. ix. p. 6 (1893) ; Rickett, Ibis, 



1894, p. 224 (Foochow) ; Irby, Orn. Str. Gibr. 2nd ed. p. 210 

 (1895); G-V/^A-e, Zfe/r/o/., Engl. ed. p. 453 (1895); Whitaker, Ibis, 



1895, p. 104 (Tunis) ; Shelley, B. Afr. i. p. 159 (1896) : Rickett 

 ^ Be La Touche, Ibis, 1896, p. 293 (Foochow, Oct.). 



Ciconia fusca, Brehm, For/. Deutschl. p. 576 (1831). 

 Melantipelargus niger, Reiche7ib. Grail, tab. clxvi. figs. 453-54 



(1846) ; Bp. Consp. Av. ii. p. 105 (1855) ; Hume, Str. F. i. 



p. 252 (1873 : Punjab) ; Ball, op. cit. ii. p. 433 (1874 : Chota 



Nagpur) ; id. op. cit. vii. p. 230 (1878 : Ganges to Godavery) ; 



Boqd. Consp. Av. Imp. Ross. p. 119 (1884) ; Heine c^- Reichen. 



Nomencl. Mus. Hein. p. 311 (1890: Harz). 



Adult male in hreeding-pluniagf. General colour above glossy, 

 for the most part metallic-purple with green margins to the feathers, 

 the green predominating on the neck and mantle and the lesser 

 wing-coverts, the median and greater coverts more distinctly 

 purplish but with bronzy reflections ; primaries black with a greenish 

 gloss ; lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts dusky brown, with 

 purplish edgings, becoming green on the latter ; tail-feathers glossy 

 purplish bronze ; crown of head dusky blackish, glossed with 

 green, especially towards the nape ; the neck all round green, with 

 a strong gloss of purple on the hinder neck, and again on the lower 

 throat ; sides of face and upper throat brilliant purple, with golden- 

 bronze reflections ; fore-neck and chest greenish, with a slight 

 purple gloss ; remainder of under surface from the chest down- 

 ward.s pure white, including the axillaries ; under wing-coverts 

 dusky slate-colour, with a slight gloss of green or purple : " bill, 

 orbital space, and pouch coral-red ; legs and feet coral-red, blacki.sh 

 on front of tarsi ; iris brown " {A. 0. Hume). Total length 38 

 inches, culmen 7*7, wing 21-5, tail 8, tarsus 8-2. 



Adidt female. Similar to the male, but not quite so glossy : 

 " bill and feet red, the former lighter at the tip ; orbital skin lead- 

 colour" (J. Scully.) Total length about 36 inches, culmen 7, 

 •wing 21, tail 8-5, tarsus 7'0. 



Yovmj birds. Browner than the adults, with very little green or 

 purplish reflections ; the head and neck paler brown, with whitish 



TOL. XXVI. X 



