310 CICONIID^. 



to the bills. I cannot see any reason for separating the Madagascar 

 bird from the African form. 



Young birds are browner than the adults and have less gloss, the 

 wing-coverts and dorsal plumes having pale whity-brown tips, as do- 

 also the feathers of the fore-neck and chest ; the throat is whitish. 



Bab. Africa and Madagascar. 



6. XENORHYNCHUS.* 



Type. 



Xenorhynchus, Bp. Consj). Av. ii. p. 100 (1855) X. australis. 



Range. The same as that of the single species. 



1. Xenorhynchus asiaticus. 



Indian Jahirii, Lath. Gen. Syn. iSvpjjl. i. p. 2.31 (1787). 



Lohaujuug Heron, Lat/i. torn. cit. p. 238. 



Myctei-ia asiatica, Lath. Ind. Orn. ii. p. 070 (1790) ; Vieill. N,- 

 Bid. d'Hist. Nat. xvi. p. 439 (1817) ; Butler ^- Hume, Str. F. iv. 

 p. 22 (1876). 



Ardea indica, Lath. Ind. Orn. ii. p. 701 (1790). 



Mycteria australis, Shaw, Trans. Lmn. Soc. v. p. 34 (1798) ; id. ^ 

 Nodder, Nat. Misc. xv. pi. COl ; Lath. Lid. Orn. Huppl. p. Ixiv 

 (1801); Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xvi. p. 440 (1817); Graij, 

 List Grail. Brit. Mus. p. 89 (1844); Hodgs. Icon. ined. in Brit. 

 Mus., Grail, pi. 73. no. 801 ; id. in Gray's Zool. Misc. p. 86 (1844) ; 

 Gray, Cat. Mamm. Sfc. Nejml pres. Hodgs. p. 136 (1846); Gorild, 

 B. Austr. vi. pi. 51 (1847); Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. As. Soc. p. 276 

 (1849: Calcutta distr.); Reichenh. Grail, tab. xciv. fig. 445, 

 ccxcii. fig. 2387 (1850) ; Bennett, Gatherings of a Naturalist in 

 Australasia, p. 195, pi. i. (1860) ; Parker, P. Z. S. 1860, p. 328 

 Irby, Ibis, 1861, p. 244 (Oudh) ; Jerd. B. Ind. iii. p. 734 (1864) . 



* Xenorhynchus nanus, Be Vis, Proc. Linn. Soc. N. S. W. (2) iii. pp. 1287, 

 1292, pi. 35. figs. 11, 11 6 (1888). Fossil. 



