1. PHALACROCORAX. 375 



16. Plialacrocorax fuscicollis. 



Brown-nocked Shag, Lath. Gen. Hint. B. x. p. 425 (1824) [Bengal]. 

 Phalacrocorax fuscicollis, IStejih. in S/inw's Gen. Zool. xiii. pt. i. 



p. 91 (1820) ; Ifu7ne ^ Davison, Str. F. vi. p. 496 (1878) [Tenas- 



serim]; Duvidsoii ^ Wenden, Str. F. vii. p. 93 (1878) [DeccanJ ; 



Butler, Str. F. vii. pp. 178, 190 (1878) [Sind] ; Ball, Str. F. vii. 



p. 234 (1878) [Ganges to Godavari] ; Butl. Cat. B. Sind. p. 82 



(1879); Boig, Str. F. viii. p. 372 (1879) [E. Narra: breeding]; 



Legge, B. Ceylon, iii. p. 1182 (1880); Butler, Str. F. ix. p. 442 



(1880) ; Oates, Str. F. x. p. 248 (1882) [Pegu] ; Davidi'on, Str. 



F. X. p. .327 (1882) [Khandeish] ; Oates, B. Burmak, ii. p. 233 



(1883); Swinh. (^ Barnes, Ibis, 18S.5, p. 138 [Central India]; 



Hume, Str. F. xi. p. 3o2 (1888) [Manipur] ; Oates ed. Hume's 



Nests ^- Fr/gs, iii. p. 272 (1890). 

 Carbo fuscicollis, Frankl. P. Z. S. 1831, p. 125. 

 Phalacrocorax leucotis, Blyth, Cat. Mas. As. Soc. p. 298 (1849). 

 Graculus sinensis, Blyth (nee Skaiu ^- Nodd.), Cat. Mus. As. Soc. 



p. 298 (1849) ; Lagard, Ann. Mag. N. H. xiv. p. 271 (1854) 



[Ceylon]; Adams, P. Z. S. 1858, p. 509 [Punjab, Cashmere], 



1859, p. 189; Jerd. B. Lid. ii. pt. ii. p. 862 (1864); Holdsw. 



P. Z. S. 1872, p. 483 [Ceylon] ; Hume, Nests ^ Eggs Lnd. B. 



p. 660 (1873); Ball, Str. F. ii. p. 440 (1874) [Chota Nagpur]; 



Legge, Ibis, 1875, p. 409 [S. Ceylon, scarce] ; Butler, Str. F. iv. 



p. 33 (1876) [Mt. Aboo]. 

 Urile egretta, Bonap. Consp. Av. p. 176 (1855) ; id. C. B. xliii. 



p. 577 (1856) [breeding-pluruage]. 

 Graculus fuscicollis, Blyth, Ibis, 1867, p. 181 [part] : Bulger, Ibis, 



1869, p. 170 [Sikhim]; Blyth, Cat. Mamm. B. Burma, p. 164 



(1875) ; Hume, Str. F. iv. p. 224 (1876) [Tenasserim] ; Oates, 



Str. F. v. p. 170 (1877) [Pegu : breeding]. 

 Carbo sinensis, Oates, Str. F. iii. p. 350 (1875) [Pegu]. 



Adult in breeding-plumar/e. Head, neck, lower back, rump, upper 

 tail-coverts, and underparts black glossed with deep steel-blue ; 

 upper back, wing-covcrts, and scapulars bronze, with greenish 

 reflections, each feather with rather a wide black border ; a number 

 of tiny white plamules on each side of the head above the eye 

 and scattered here and there on the neck, and a tuft of hairy 

 white feathers on each side of the neck behind the ear. Tail 

 composed of 12 feathers. Iris greenish blue; bare skin round the 

 eye dark brown with yellow specks, bare skm on the tliroat and 

 by the sides of the bill yellow ; legs and feet black. Total length 

 about 25 inches, culmen 2-4, wing 10-6, tail 6*6, tarsus l-7-l'8, 

 outer too and claw 3. 



Adult in non-breeding plumage. Differs in having no white tuft 

 behind the ears ; the chin and feathers surrounding the gular 

 pouch white ; remainder of plumage worn and browner ; the 

 upper back, scapulars, and wing-coverts being of a dull brownish 

 grey. 



The younger stages of this species appear to be very similar to 

 those gone through by P. gracidus. In the youngest examples the 

 chin, throat, breast, and rest of underparts are mostly -n bite : the 

 top of the head, neck, and mtper parts brownish; the ujiper back, 



