384 PnALACROCORACID^E. 



19. Phalacrocorax carunciUatus. (Fig. 3, p. 383.) 



Camnciilated Shag, Lath. Gen. Si/n. iii. pt. ii. p. 603 (1785) [part, 

 Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand] ; id. Gen. Hist. B. x. 

 p. 4-29 (1824). 



Pelecauus carunculatus, Gmel. S. N. i. pt. ii. p. 576 (1788) ; Lath. 

 Ind. 0)-)2. ii. p. 889 (1790) ; Bonnat. Tabl. Encycl. Meth. i. p. 50 

 (1790); Dumont in Levrmdfs Did. Sci. Nat. y..^. 453(1818); 

 Forst. Icon. ined. pi. 104 ; id. Dexcr. Anim. p. 102 (1844). 



Hydrocorax carunculatus, Vieill. N. Diet, d Hist. Nat. viii. p. 84 



Phalacrocorax carunculatus, Steph. m Shaiv s Gen. Zool. xiii. pt. i. 

 p. 94 (1826) ; Buller, Tr. N. Zeal. Inst. ix. p. 3:18, pi. xv. fig-. 2 

 (1877) [Queen Charlotte Sound]; id. Man. B. N. Zeal. p. 93 (1882) 

 [nee local.]; id. B. N. Zeal. 2nd ed. ii. p. 155 (1888) [part, New- 

 Zealand] ; Forbes, Ibis, 1893, p. 393 [nee S. America]. 



Carbo purpurascens, Brandt, Bull. Acad. St. Petersb. iii. p. 56 (1837). 



Graculus cirrhatus, G. R. Gray (nee Gmel), Ibis, 1862, p. 251. 



Graculus carunculatus, Finsch, J.f. 0. 1874, pp. 174, 213 [part]. 



Phalacrocorax cu'rhatus, Hutton {nee Gmel.), Tr. Z. Zeal. hist. xi. 

 p. 336 (1879) [part]. 



Adult male in breeding-jylumage (Feb.). Top of the head, sides of 

 the throat, sides and back of the neck black glossed with dull metallic 

 bluish green ; interscapular region and greater part of scapulars and 

 wings glossed with oil-green ; lower back, rump, and upper tail- 

 coverts dark metallic bluish green ; quills and tail-feathers black ; a 

 wide alar bar, formed by the inner median wing-coverts, and a 

 dorsal patch white ; some of the outer scapulars also white and 

 forming a white band ; middle of the throat and fore neck and rest 

 of underparts pure white ; the white feathers on the throat 

 extendino- in a narrow band for a considerable distance along the 

 middle of the bare inter-ramal skin. No trace of a crest on the 

 top of the head ; nasal caruncles well-developed. Tail composed of 

 12 feathers. Total length about 30 inches, culmen from feathers on 

 forehead to tip 2-55, depth to cutting-edge 0-5, wing 12-3, tail 

 5-3, tarsus 2-6, outermost toe and claw 4-7. [Mus. BotJischild : 

 CooVs Straits, 4 Feb., 1895.] 



Adidt female (a less mature specimen than the above). Similar in 

 plumage, but the alar band is imperfectly developed and much 

 narrower ; the dorsal patch is also less developed, and none of the 

 outer scapulars show a trace of white. No trace of a crest, but the 

 nasal wattles are well-developed. Dimensions similar to the above. 

 IMus. Rothscliild: Cook's Straits, 4 Feb., 1895.] 



" Nasal caruncles red ; naked space round the eye bluish purple ; 

 feet yellowish brown" (Bidler). 



Immature female. Has all the dark parts of the plumage brown 

 slightly glossed with green, especially on the lower back and rump ; 

 the wing-coverts and scapulars paler brown and with whitish 

 margins ; the white underparts are like those of the adult. Nasal 

 caruncles imperceptible ; the culmen is even longer than that of 

 either the male or female adult — length 2-7 inches, depth to cutting- 

 edge 0-45. [Mus. RothscMU : Cook's Straits, 4 Feb., 1895.] 



Bab. Queen Charlotte Sound, New Zealand. 



