470 



PELECANIDiE. 



Adult female. Total length about 63 inches, culmen 14-5, wing 21, 

 tail 8-7, tarsus 4-5. 



Iris varies from pale straw-yellow to white ; bill greyish pink, 

 edges of mandibles for the terminal two-thirds yellowish red : nail 

 orange : orbital region livid purple: pouch deep yellow, varyingto 

 deep orange-vermilion in the most adult ; legs and feet dull pinkish 

 grey. 



When once fully adult the plumage in this species is not subject 

 to seasonal change, but in non-breeding birds the yellow patch on 

 the chest disappears. 



Young in doivn. Lesser and median wing-coverts pale sandy 

 brown ; greater wing-coverts ashy, primarj'- and secondary-quills, 

 primary-coverts, and winglet blackish ; scapulars and tail-feathers 

 ashy, tipped with brownish white : forehead, top and sides of head 

 covered with dark smoke-coloured down ; rest of the body covered 

 with pure white down. Culmen 5-5 inches. 



Ohs. It is not known how many years the young of P. crispm 

 takes to attain the fully mature plumage, but probably at least 

 three. The scapulars, secondaries, and tail-feathers, when freshly 

 moulted, are of a fine mealy or silvery grey, but the grey soon 

 wears off, and the feathers become of a dark brown colour, which 

 gradually fades to a pale brown or sandy brown. Thus a very 

 marked change in colour takes place without a moult. 



Young in first plumage. Back and scapulars mealy grey ; wing- 

 coverts and secondaries much worn and of a pale sandy-brown; 

 lower back and rump pure white, the latter with dark shaft-stripes j 

 tail-feathers white, brown on the outer web ; when freshly moulted 

 they are of a silvery grey, edged with white ; rest of the plumage 

 white ; the crest and mane only slightly developed. 



More mature specimens (probably in the second year's plumage) 

 resemble the above, but the feathers of the back and scapulars are 

 white, with grey or brownish-grey middles and dark shaft-stripes, 

 aud the plumage is altogether whiter. 



Hah. South Europe and North Africa, rauging eastward through 

 Northern India to Cbina and South-east Mongolia. 



a. Ad. sk. 



b, c. Pull. sk. 



South Europe. 

 Fao, Persian Gulf. 



d-(i. S ad. et imni. Mekran coast, Feb. {A. 0. H.). 



sk. 



h. Imni. sk. 

 i-m. 5 inim. sk. 

 n. (S imm. sk. 

 o, p. c? ad. sk. 

 q. 5 ad. sk. 



r. S ad. sk. 



s-u. Ad. et imm. sk. 



V, w. 5 ad. et S 

 imm. sk. 



Siod. 



Eastern Narra, Jan. {8. Doi<i). 

 Madho Mehur, Jan. {A. O. H.). 

 River Indus, Dec. [A. O. H). ^ 

 Sultanpur, Gurgaon Dist. {W. 



N. Chill). 

 Delhi, Dec. 13 {C. T. Bimj- 



ham). 

 Fyzabad, Oudli. 

 Mynpoorie Dist., Feb. 24. 



Old Coll. 



W. D. Gumming, 



Esq. [P.]. 

 Himie Coll. 



Hume Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 

 Plume Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 



Hume Coll. 



Hume Coll. 

 Hume Coll. 



