1. COLYMBUS. 493 



Ibis, 1879. p. ini [Yenesav Valley]; Giql. Ibis, 1881. p. i'2] 

 [Italv] : Iiic/(/u\ Bull. IT. S. Nat. Mm. xxi. p. 55 (1881) : Seebohm. 

 Ibi.%l8S2, p. 2:!2 [Astrakan], p. 38:! [Aicliangelj ; til. Ibis, 188^, 

 p. 35 [Caspian Sea]: Irby, Ibis, 1883, p. 190 [Santander] ; Badde, 

 Orn. Caucas. p. 491 (1884); Liithen, Oniis, 1885, p. 143 [Den- 

 markl ; Saunders, ed. Yurrell. Brit. B. iv. p. 105(1885) ; Seebohm, 

 Hist." Brit. B. iii. p. 407 (1885): IMhi-Torre S,- Tschmi, Ornis, 

 1885, p. 557, 1887, p. 347, 1888, ]>. 3(!0, .^t Siippl. p. 333, 1890, 

 p. 203 [Austro-IIimgary] ; Boot/i, Ilom/h Notes, iii. pt. xii. (1880) : 

 Tsc/nisi, Ornis, 1886, p. 174 [local names]: Gifil. Avif. Ital, 

 p. 447 (1886); Toil, Ibis, 1887, p. 4C0 [rortiigal] ; Salvad. Ucc. 

 Ital. p. 298 (1887) : Saunders, III. Man. Brit. B. p. 097 (1889) ; 

 Badde^- Walter, Ornis, 1889. p. 128 [Transea^pia] ; Giql.Avif. 

 Ital. i. p. 062 (1889), ii. p. 0411 (18S0), iii. p. 510 (1891): -SW- 

 bohm, B. Jap. p. 303 (1890) ; Evans, Ibis, 1891, p. 82 [iiicubatioH 

 lasts 28 days] ; Harterf, His, 1892, p. 522 [E. Prussia] ; Seebohm, 

 Ibis, 1892, p. 31 [Heligoland]: Beiser, Orn. Bahmiica, ii. p. 204 

 (1894); Giitle, Heliqoland, Engl. ed. p. 575 (1895); Pearson, 

 Ibis, 1896, p. 213 [Russinn Lapland], p. 219 [Kolguev], p. 225 

 [Novava Zemlya] ; Sharpe, Handb. B. Gr. Brit. iv. p. 185 (1897) ; 

 Pearson, Ibis, 1898, p. 204 [Waigats ; Dolgoi]. 



Black-tliroated Diver, Pennant, Arct. Zool. ii. p. 520 (1785) : Lath, 

 Gen. Syn. iii. pt. ii. p. 343 (1785) ; id. Gen. Hist. x. p. 89 

 (1824) ; Yarrell, Hist. Brit. B.\\\. p. 328 (1843) ; Kno.r, Zoologist 

 (2) iv. p. 1504 (1809) [habits]. 



INlergiis arcticus, Bonnat. Tabl. Enci/cl. MitJi. i. p. 71, pi. 19. fig. 4 

 (1790) [part]. 



Colymbus igiiotus, Bechst. Nat. Deutschl. ii. p. 782 (1791). 



Urinator arcticus, Lacep. S,- Daudin. in Buf. Hist. Nat. (18mo, Didot), 

 Quad. xiv. p. 311, 0?>. xvi. p. 182 (1799); Stejn. P. U.S. Nat. 

 Mus. V. p. 43 (1882) : Baird,Breii: S^- Ridgw. Waier-B. N. Amer. 

 ii. p. 452 (1884). 



Colymbus leucopus, Bechst. Orn. Taschenb. pt. ii. p. 364 (1802). 



Colymbusatrogularis, Meyer 8f Wolf, Taschenb. ii. p. 499, pi. (1810). 



Colymbus arcticus, Pallas, Zooyr. Busso-As. ii. p. 341 (1811). 



Colvmbus balthicus, Hornseh. Si' Schillinr/. Vei-z. Pommersch. Voy. 

 p". 21 ; Breh7n, Handb. Voy. Deutschl. p. 975 (1831). 



Colvmbus maci-orhynchos, Brehm, Handb. Vbr/. Deut.schi. p. 974 

 (1831). 



Eudytes arcticus, Licht. J erz. Doubl. p. 87 (1831); ^ai/jn. Nat. 

 Voy. Deut.schi. xii. p. 418, pi. 328 (1844); BbH;J.f. O. 1865, 

 p. 367 [moult]; Alston^- Broun, Ibis, 187 'B, p. 72 Aichangel] ; 

 Bau, etc., J.f. 0. 1877, p. 341 [Germany]. 



Colymbus megarbyuclius, Brehtn, Vogelfany, p. 405 (1855). 



Adult in hrecding-plumatje. General colour above glossy black : 

 scapulars and a band of feathers on each side of the upper back 

 with wide subtcrmiual white bands, or quadrate spots, giving these 

 j)arts a tessellated ai)pearaiice ; wing-coverts spotted with white. 

 Head and back of neck dove-grey, shading gradually info sooty- 

 black on the chin and throat : I'orc-neck deep shining purplish 

 black, bordered on the sides and above hy series of black feathers, 

 margined with white on the sides, giving these parts a strongly 

 striped appearance : base of neck and sides of chest striped in a 

 very similar manner, but the white marginal bands wider : sides and 

 Hanks mostly black ; a band crossing the vent between the thighs, 



