502 PODIClPEDIDiE. 



Family 11. PODICIPEDID^*. 



Supraorbital grooves feebly developed or absent ; lachrymal free ; 

 dorsal vertebrae 1-4 fused ; no spina externa or interna ; ventral and 

 dorsal lips of coracoid groove strongly developed ; metasternum 

 notched, not projecting beyond the level of the free ends of the 

 posterior lateral process ; post-ilia meeting in the mid-dorsal line 

 above the neural spines of the synsacrum ; tibial bridge tendinous ; 

 patella large, vertically elongated ( W. P. Pycraft). Sterno-tracheal 

 muscles asymmetrical (Zf. Gadoiv). Ambiens, femoro-caudal, and 

 accessory semitendinosus absent {A. H. Garrod). Left carotid 

 only present {A. H. Garrod). 12 meta - carpo - digital remiges. 

 Hallux raised above the level of the other toes, which are provided 

 with wide lateral lobes united at the base. Tail vestigial. 



Key to the Genera. 



A. Secondary - quills equal to or not much 



shorter ihfin the primaries; metatarsus con- 

 siderably shorter than the middle toe and 

 claw. 



a. Culmen moderately curved downward 



toward the tip, or nearly straight ; 



feathers of forehead normal 1. Podicipes, p. 502. 



b. Culmen strongly curved downward towards 



the tip ; feathers of forehead bristly ... . 3. Podilymbus, 



B. Secondary-quills short, the longest about [p. 553. 



equal to the ninth or tenth primary ; meta- 

 tarsus equid to or ^ery little shorter than 



the middle toe and claw ; culmen very long [p. 549. 



aud pointed ' 2. ^chmophohus, 



1. PODICIPES. 



Type. 

 Colymbus [Brisson, Orn. vi. p. 33 (1760)] ; Ilbyer, 



I'rudrotims, p. 281 (1811) . P. cristatus. 



Podiceps, Lath. Suppi. Gen. Syn. p. 294 (1787) . . P. cristatus. 



Dytes, Eaup, Nat. Syst. p. 41 (1829) P. auritus. 



Pedetaithya, Kaup, Nat. Syst. p. 44 (1829) P. griseigena. 



Proctopua, Kaitp, Nnt. Syst. p. 49 (1829) P. nigricollis. 



Lophaithyia, Kaup, Nat. Syst. p. 72 (1829) P. cristatus. 



* The following works refer to the anatomy, etc., of the group: — Nitzsch, 

 Pteryl., Engl. ed.p. 152, pi. x. fig. r2(18()7) ; Eyton, Osteol. At. p. 214, pi. 2L, 

 pi. xi. flg. 1 (1867) ; Garrod. P. Z .S. 1873, p. 470 [left carotid only is present in 

 P. cri&tatus and P. minor], pp. 629, 642 [muscles], 1875, pp. 343, 348 [plantar 

 tendons] ; Gulliver, P. Z. S. 1875, p. 488 [red blood-corpuscles] ; Nathusius, 

 J. f. O. 1882, p. 298 [egg-sheU] ; Sundevall, Ibis, 1886, pp. 400, 425, 457 [wing] ; 

 Beddard, P. Z. S. 1890, pp. 430-442 [general remarks] ; Shufeldt, J. Anat. 

 Phys. xxiv. pp. 169-187, pls.xi. & xii. (1890), xsvi. pp. 198-203; Beddard, Ibis, 

 1893, p. 38 [remarks on maxillo-palatine in P. cornutus] ; id. P. Z. S. 1896, 

 pp. 538-547 [anatomy of M. major], 1897, p. 469 [intercentra in -£. major] • 

 Shufeldt, Ibis, 1898, pp. 46-51 [terrestrial attitudes]. 



