4. URiA. 575 



Lomvia troile californica, Cones, Key N. Amer. B. 2nd ed. p. 817 



(1884). 

 Alca troile californica, Seehohm, Hist. Brit.. B. iii. p. 389 (188o). 



Adult ill hreedinj-])lumage. General colour above, including the 

 top of the head, greyish black, becoming browner as the plumage 

 becomes worn ; sides of the head, chin, throat, and fore-neck of a 

 browner tint, in some examples dark sootj'-brown or even black ; 

 chest and rest of the underparts, as well as the under wing-coverts, 

 white, the side- and flank-feathers streaked with dark grey ; quills 

 greyish-black, paler on the inner web, the secondaries tipped with 

 white ; tail brownish-black, composed of 12 feathers. Iris dark 

 brownish-black ; bill dull black, inside of mouth bright yellow ; 

 back of tarsus, soles, webs, joints, and nails dull black ; fore part of 

 tarsus and toes between the joints brownish white. Total length 

 about 18 inches, culmen from feathers on forehead to tip 1-9, from 

 gape to tip 2-7, greatest depth of both mandibles at base U'oo, wing 

 7"5-8, tail l-7-2*l, tarsus l"45-l-5, middle toe and claw 2-2'2. 



Adult in non-breeding plumage. Differs from the above in having 

 the chin, throat, fore-neck, and sides of the head white ; the white 

 patch on the sides of the occiput being margined below by a dark 

 greyish-black postorbital band. Bill blackish horn, lighter on the 

 base of the lower mandible, inner side of the metatarsus and toes pale 

 brownish-white, outer half of the metatarsus, joints, and webs dusky 

 brownish-black ; nail black. 



Immature. Kesembles the adult in winter plumage, but the fore- 

 neck and white patches on the sides of the occiput are more or less 

 mottled with dusky. 



Young in down. Upper parts brown ; top of the head and nape 

 blackish, streaked with white ; throat and fore-neck brownish, 

 mottled with white ; chest, breast, and belly white. 



Uria troile, var. ringvia. 



Uria lingvia, Briinn. Orn. Bar. p. 23 (1764) ; Schinz, Europ. Faun. 

 i. p. 359 (1840) ; G. R. Gray, List of B. pt. iii. p. 157 (1844) ; 

 id. Gen. B. iii. p. 645 (ls48) ; Deyl. Orn. Burop. ii. p. 513 

 (1849); Baird, B. K. Amer. p. 914 (1858): Deyl. ^ Gerbe, 

 Orn. Europ. ii. p. GOO (1867); Samuels, N. ^- E. Birds, f. 570 

 (1883); Baird, Breic. >§- Bidyw. Water-B. N. Amer. ii. p. 481 

 ^ (1884) ; Sharpe, Handb. B. Gr. Brit. iv. p. 119, pi. evil. (1897). 



Uria alga, Briinn. Orn. Bur. p. 28 (1764). 



Uria troile leucophthalmos, Faber, Prodromus, p. 42 (1822). 



Uria lacrymans, Lapylaie MS.,Jide Valenc. in Choris Voy. Pittor. 

 autourdu Monde, Aleout. p. 27, pi. xxiii. (1822); Werner, Atl. 

 Ois. d'Eur. pi. 98 (1828); Lesson, Traite d'Orn. p. 638 (1831) ; 

 Gould, B. Eur. v. pi. 397 (1837); Macyill. Brit. B. v. p. 326 

 (1852) ; JVatters, N. Hist. B. Irel. p. 229 (1853) ; R. Gray, B. 

 ir. &o^/. p. 424 (1871). 



Uria leucopsis, Brehm, Handb. Viiy. Deutschl. p. 982 (1831). 



Uria hriugvia, Keys. u. Blasius, Wirbelth. p. 238 (1840); Xaum. 

 Nat. Voy. Deutschl. xii. p. 524, pi. 332 (1844); Reinhenb. Kata- 

 tores, pi. viii. figs. 37-38 (1850). 



