4. URIA. 



583 



advances the white winter plumage is less completelj- assumed, very 

 old examples remaining in hlack plumage throughout the year. This 

 is beautifully shown by the large and almost perfect series of birds 

 procured by Mr. Nikolai Hanson at Christiansund, North Norway. 



Immature (in August). Above smokj'-black, scarcely any of the 

 feathers being fringed with white except those of the nape ; the 

 greater ajid median wing-coverts white, widely tipped with brownish 

 black ; the underparts mostly white, except the throat, fore-neck, and 

 chest, which are mostly or largely mixed with smoky-grey, and the 

 feathers of the sides and flanks, which are narrowly fringed with 

 brown at the extremity. 



As age advances the back, scapulars, rump, and upper tail-coverts 

 become fringed with white, much as in the more adult bird in winter 

 plumage, but the white tips to the feathers of the rump are much 

 narrower. 



Immature in summer plumage (about 12 months old). Similar to 

 the adult in breeding-plumage, but the greater and median wing- 

 coverts are tipped with dark smoky-brown, the wings of the first 

 plumage being retained. 



Young in doiun uniform sooty-black, rather paler below. 



Hah. North Atlantic : coasts of North Europe eastwards to the 

 White Sea ; British Isles, Paroes, Iceland, S. Greenland, New- 

 foundland, and South Labrador ; in winter extending occasionally 

 as far south as Massachusetts and the north of France. 



a, b. Ad. et imm. 

 sk. 



c-f. Ad. et imm. 



sk. 

 ff-i. <S 2 ^d. et 



imm. sk. 

 k. Ad. sk. (var.)*. 

 I. Ad. sk. 



m, n. c? ad. et 



imm. sk. 

 o-q. Pull. sk. 



r. 2 ad. sk. 

 s,t. cJ 2 ad. sk. 

 u~w. 2 ad. sk. 



X. Ad. sk. 



y-b'. cj 2 *id. et 



imm. sk. 

 c'-{. S 2 ad. et 



imm. sk. 

 k'. cJ ad. sk. 



Bay of Fundy, Eastern 

 N. America, summer & 

 winter {G. A. Boardtmin) . 



South Greenland. 



Lichtenfels, S. Greenland, 



Jan., April, Nov. 

 Iceland. 

 Vestmanna I., Iceland, 



winter. 

 Faroe Islands, May, June. 



Faroe Islands, July 12 



(II. a Millie)-). 

 Orkney Islands, summer. 

 Orkney Islands, May (£• //•). 

 Orkney Islands, summer & 



winter (/. H. Dunn). 

 Orkney Islands, simimer. 

 Stromness, Jan. 13. 



Thurso, Aug. 



St. Kilda, summer. 



Salvin-Godman Coll. 



Hume Coll. 



Dr.R.BowdlerSharp© 



[P.]. 

 Purchased. 

 Hume CoU. 



Col. H. W. Feilden 



[P.]. 

 Hargitt CoU. 



Seebohm CoU. 

 Hargitt CoU. 

 Hargitt CoU. 



Salvin-Godman Coll. 

 J. G. MiUais, Esq. 



[P.]. 

 Dr. A. Giinther [P.]. 



Theodore Walker, 

 Esq. [P.]. 



* Cf. Newton, Ibis, 1865, p. 518 footnote, and CoUett, Forh. Vidensk.-Selsk. 

 Christ. 1875,p. 3. 



