624 



IMPENNES. 



Key to the Genera.* 



I. Both mandibles long, relatively slender, and 



curved downward towards the tip ; tail 



relatively rather short, composed of 20 



feathers, scarcely surpassing the upper tail- [p. 626. 



coverts in length : size very large 1. Aptknodytes, 



II. Rill moderately long, the lower mandible 



never curved downward towards the tip : 

 size moderate or relatively small. 

 A. Tail relatively long, composed of 12, 14, 

 or 16 feathers ; upper tail-coverts short. 



a. Bill moderately long or short, never very 



stout, the culminicorn being divided 

 by a groove from the latericorn, which 

 is never swollen ; feathering at the 

 angle of the gape closely approaching 

 or entirely concealing the basal third 

 of the tomia. No superciliary band of 

 golden feathers 2. Pygosceli.s, p. 630. 



b. Bill moderately long and very stout, the 



culminicorn being divided by a deep 

 groove from the latericorn, which is 

 much swollen towards the base ; 

 feathering at the angle of the gape 

 leaving the tomia and the greater 

 part of the base of the upper and 

 lower mandibles exposed. A super- 

 ciliary band of more or less elongate [p. 635. 

 golden feathers 3. Catarrhactes, 



* Doubtful Species. 



1 . Le Manchot a Collier de la Nouvelle Guin^e, Sonnerat, Voy. N. Guin. 



p. 180, pi. 114 (1776). 

 Aptenodytes torquata, Forster, Comment. Gottingensh, \\\. p. 146(1781); 



Gmel. S. N. i. pt. ii. p. 558 (1788) ; Latham, Ind. Orn. ii. p. 880 (1790) ; 



Bonvat. Tahl. Encycl. Meth. i. p. 69, pi. 18. fig. 3 (1790) ; Beickenb. 



Natatores, pi. i a. fig. 13 (1850). 

 Collared Pinguin, Latham, Gen. Syn. iii. pt. ii. p. 571 (1785) ; id. Gen. 



Hist. X. p. 391 (1824). 

 Apterodyta platirhingoB, Scop. Del. Flor. et Faun. Insubr. pt. ii. p. 91 



(1786). 

 Three-toed Pinguin, La/ham, Gen. Hist. x. p. 393 (1824). 

 Chrysocoira torquata, Stcph. in Shaw's Gen. Zool. xiii. p. 60 (1826). 



Head, throat, back and sides of neck, and upper parts black ; fore-neck and 

 rest of underparts white ; the white of the fore-neck forming a half-collar, below 

 the black throat and extending across the sides of the neck ; naked space sur- 

 rounding the eye blood-red ; beak, feet, and iris black. 



Sonnerat does not give anything but a short description of this species, and 

 it is uncertain whether his description was taken from a speciuien actually 

 obtained, or merely from birds observed during his travels. Forster noticed 

 Penguins answering perfectly to the above description in the neighbourhood of 

 Kerguelen aud South Georgia, but did not obtain specimens, and his descrip- 

 tion was based on observations made from the ship. The naked red space 



