_'. COLTTMBA, -•>•> 



Columba unicolor, BreJnn, Vogelfang, p. 256 (Nubia) (1855) ; id. 

 Naturg. u. Zucht. d. Taub. 95; Rcknb. Tauben, a. p. L69 (1862). 



( '(iliuiilia dubia, Hrehm, Vogelfang, p. 256 (1855), 

 Columba plumipes, G. _K. ffr. /./•>/ />. Brit. Mus. Coluinbre, p. 29 

 • (Persia) (1850) (var. semidom. P deacr. nulla) ; Bp. Compt. Rend. 



xliii. p. 838 (1856). 

 Palunibus livia, Heugl Syst. Uebers. p. 40 (185G). 

 Columba neglecta, Hume, Lahore to Yark. p. 272 (1873) ; id. Str. 



Feath. i. p. 218 (= livia) (1873); Severtz. J. f. O. 1875, pp. 187, 



194, 195, 196, 198 ; id. Str. Feath. iii. p. 430 (1875). 

 Columba spelava, Hutt. in lift. ; Hume, Lahore to Yark. p. 273 



(hybrid of C. neglecta aud C. intermedia) (1873). 

 Columba livia, a. lera, Bogdanow, Tr. Sib. Obtsch. Jestestv. xii. p. 98 



(1881). 

 Columba livia, £. rustics, Bogd. I. c. 



Columba livia lera, Bogd. Conap. Av. Lmp. Ross. fasc. i. p. 1 (1884). 

 Columba livia rustica, Bogd. Consp. Av. Lmp. Ross. fasc. i. p. 2 



(1884). 

 Columba livia domestica, Bogd. op. cit. 



Columba domestica, Stejn. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mus. x. p. 424 (1887)*. 

 Columba livia, var. neglecta, Pleske, Mem. Ac. JPeiersb. (7) xxxvi. 



n. 3, p. 44 (Turkestan) (1888). 



Adult male. Head slate-grey ; neck metallic green, changing into 

 purple on the lower part, especially on the upper breast ; upper 

 hack, scapulars, and wing-coverts pale grey ; rump white ; upper 

 tail-coverts dark grey ; wings with two black cross bars — one sub- 

 terminal on the greater wing-coverts, and the other formed by the 

 tips of the outer secondaries, and becoming subterminal so on the 

 inner ones or tertials ; quills and primary-coverts blackish grey ; 

 lower parts slate-grey, darker on the breast, and still more so on 

 the under tail-coverts, paler on the abdomen ; under wing-coverts 

 white ; tail slate-grey, with a broad apical black band, and with the 

 outer feathers white at the base of the outer web : iris orange- 

 red ; bill vinous slate-colour, inclining to white on the cere ; legs 

 red. Total length 11 inches, wing 8-7, tail d'O, bill 0*79, tarsus 

 1-2. 



Female. Like the male, but somewhat smaller. 



Young. Duller in coloration, and having the black bands on the 

 wing less clearly defined, and with but little of the green gloss on 

 the neck. 



Hah. Western Talaearctic region, and also Sindh, Cashmere, and 

 some parts of India. 



Four of the birds mentioned below — one from Madeira, one from 

 Tunis, and two from Juan Fernandez — instead of having the rump 

 white, have it grey, and they cannot be distinguished from ('. inter 

 media. They suggest to me the idea that C. livia with the white 

 rump is a higher form than C. intermedia with the grey rump ; and 



* I cannot agree with Dr. Stejneger as regards Gnielin's name (ex Brisson) 

 C. domestica (which refers to the bird in a domestic state) being used for the 

 wild Rock-Dove. 



