300 COLUMBID^E. 



(1872) ; Gieb. Thes. Orn. i. p. 748 (1872) ; Alst. Sf H. Brown, Ibis, 

 1873, p. 66 ; ScMeg. Mus. P.-B., Columbae, p. 66 (1873) ; Brooke., 

 Ibis, 1873, p. 335 ; Cordeau.v, Ibis, 1875, p. 184 (Heligoland) ; 

 Danf. Sf H. Brown, Ibis, 1875, p. 416 ; Gvlliv. P. Z. S. 1875, 

 p. 489 ; Irby, Ornith. Sir. of Gibralt. p. 132 (Morocco) (1875) ; 

 B. Wharton, Ibis, 1876, p. 26 (Corsica) ; Sehal. J. f O. 1876, 

 p. 186 ; Blanf. Zool. Sf Geol. of Bast. Pers. p. 269 (1876) ; 

 Danford, Ibis,' 1878, p. 27 (Asia Minor) ; Dress. B. of Eur. vii. 

 p. 3, pi. 456 (1878) ; Seebh. Ibis, 1880, p. 193 (Siberia) ; Dixon, 

 Ibis, 1882. p. 577; Salv. Cat. B. Strickl. Coll. p. 542 (1882); 

 Saunders, Hist, of Brit. B. iii. p. 1 (1882); Seebh. Ibis, 1883, 

 p. 25; Sclat. List Vert. An. 8th ed. p. 446 (1883) ; Tristr. Faun. 

 $ Flat: of Palest, p. 119 (1884) ; Radde, Omis Cauc. p. 328 

 (1884); Whiteh. Ibis, 1885, p. 41 (Corsica); Dixon, ibid. p. 84 

 (St. Kilda) ; Reid, ibid. p. 231 ; Hartw. J. f O. 1886, p. 483 

 (Madeira); Tait, Ibis, 1887, p. 378; Salvad. Elenco Ucc. ltal. 

 p. 191 (1887) ; Lilf. Ibis, 1889, p. 332 (Cyprus) ; Clarke, ibid. 

 p. 550 ; Tristr. Cat. Coll. B. p. 38 (1889) ; Evans, Ibis, 1891, p. 73 ; 

 Sound. Ibis, 1891, p. 185 ; Hartert, Eat. Vogelsamml. p. 185 

 (1891) ; Hartw. Omis, 1891, p. 162 (Madeira). 



Pigeon Ramier, D'Autent. PI. Enl. 316 ; Buff. Hist. Nat. Ois. ii. 

 p. 531, t. 24 (1771). 



Pang- Pigeon, Lath. Syn. ii. 2, p. 635 (1783) ; id. Suppl. i. p. 198 

 (1787). 



Columba palumbes, Pall. Zoogr. Rosso-As. i. p. 563 (1811). 



( 'olumba arborea, Buff. (?), Pall. op. cit., in the syn. of C. palumbes. 



Columba torquata, Leach, Syst. Cat. M. Sf B. Brit. Mus. p. 26 (1816); 

 Brehm, Vbg. Deutschl. p. 488 (1831). 



Columba pinetorum, Brehm, Vbg. Deutschl. p. 488 (1831). 



Columba palumbaria, EJSrner, Skandin. Foglar, p. 13 (1839-46). 



Palumbus torquatus, Blyth, Cat. B. Mus. A. S. B. p. 233, n. 1413 

 (part.) (1849) ; Bp. Consp. Av. ii. p. 41 (1854) ; id. Compt. Rend. 

 xxxix. p. 1103 (1854), xl. p. 218, n. 113 (1855) ; id. Coup d'wil 

 Ordr. Pig. pp. 19, 56, n. 113 (1855) ; id. Compt. Rend, xliii. p. 837 

 (Algeria) (1856) ; id. Icon. Pig. pi. 57 (var.) (1857) ; Loche,Evpl. 

 Sc. Alger, ii. p. 107 (1857); Rchnb. Tauhen, i. p. 50, t. 220. 

 ff. 1241-42 (1862), ii. p. 107 (part.) (1862) ; Gould, B. of Great 

 Brit. iv. pi. 1 (pt. xiv.) (1868); Bett. Ucc. Lombardia, t. 18 

 (1871); Soma, Mus. Nac. Lisb. Columbae, p. 12 (1873); Bogd. 

 Consp. Av. Imjj.Ross. fasc. i. p. 5 (1884) ; Hein. SfRchnw. Nomencl. 

 Mus. Hein. Orn. p. 275 (1890). 



Palumbus excelsus, Bp. Compt. Rend, xliii. pp. 836, 948 (N.W. 

 Africa) (1856) ; id. Cat. Parzucl. p. 16 (Algeria !) (1856) ; Loche, 

 Exjil. Sc. Alg. ii. p. 109 (1857) ; Rchnb. Tauben, i. p. 51 (1862) ; 

 G. R. Gr. Hand-list, ii. p. 233, n. 9248 (N.E. Africa!, en-ore) (1870). 



Palumbus torquatus, a., excelsus, Bp. C. Rend, xliii. p. 948 (1856). 



Palumbus torquatus, var. /3. algira, Bp. Icon. Pig. text of pi. 57 

 (Algeria) (1857). 



Columba trocaz, Morel, (nee Heinek.) Hist. Nat. Acor. p. 84 (1860). 



Columba excelsa, Prist. Ibis, 1860, p. 152. 



Palumbus palumbus, G. R. Gr. Hand-list, ii. p. 233, n. 9243 (1870) ; 

 Shell. Ibis, 1883, p. 285. 



Adult male. Head and upper part of the neck bluish grey ; sides 

 and back of the neck glossed with green ; on the lower part of the 

 neck, on each side, a broad white patch ; the base of the neck behind 

 and on the sides glossed with purple ; back, scapulars, and the 



