10 PTEROCLIDiE. 



pi. 407 (1874) ; Irby, Orn. Gibraltar, p. ISo (1875) ; Miiller, 

 J.f. 0. 1879, p. 390 rCyprus]; GifflioU, Ibis, 1881, p. 205 [Italy]; 

 Chapman, Ibis, 1884, p.'84 [Spain] ; Giglioli, Avifaun. Ital. p. 331 

 (1886) ; Carazzi, Boll. Soc. Nat. Napoli, i. fasc. i. (1887) ; Tait, 

 Ibis, 1887, p. 380 [Portufral] ; Giglioli, Avifaun. Ital. pt. i. p. 511 

 (1889) ; Lilford, Ibis, 1889, p. 333 [Cyprus]. 



Pteroclm-us alchata, Levaill. Explor. Alger, p. 233 (1867) ; Olphe- 

 Galliard, Faun. Orn. Europe Occ. fasc. xxxix. p. 61 (1886). 



Syi'rhaptes paradoxus, Saunders, Ibis, 1869, p. 397. 



South European and North African birds differ slightly from the 

 true Asiatic F. alchata in being richer in colour. In both sexes the 

 chest is chestnut instead of pale rufous, and in the male the sub- 

 marginal bars of the chestnut inner secondary and median wing- 

 coverts are buff instead of white ; while in the same feathers 

 in the female the black marginal band is separated from the white 

 part by a wide buff band. Otherwise the plumage is the same. 



Hah. Southern Europe and North Africa, extending as far east 

 as Cyprus. 



a. c? ad. sk. Near Toulon (3f. Gerbe). Riocour Coll. 



b-d. d 2 ad. et Seville, April, May, Oct. Tweeddale Coll. 



2 juv. sk. (H. Saunders), 



e-a. cJ 2 ad. sk. Spain. W. Owen, Esq., and 



Capt. Cook [P.]. 



h-i. d 2 ad. sk. Spain (E. C. Taylor). Shelley Coll. 



k, I. ? Pull. St. Tunis. Purchased. 



m. S ad. st. Hardwicke Bequest. 



71. Skeleton. Africa. Purchased. 



o. Skeleton. France. 



2. Pteroclurus namaqua. 



Namaqua Grous, Lath. Gen. Sijn. ii. p. 750 (1783) ; id. Gen. Hist. 



Tiii. p. 251 (1823). 

 Tetrao Namaqua, Gin. S. N. i. p. 754 (1788) ; Lath. Ind. Orn. ii. 



p. 642 (1790) ; Bonn. Tabl. Encjcl. Meth. i. p. 204 (1791). 

 ffinas namaqua, Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xii. p. 422 (1817). 

 Pterocles namaqua, Gray, List B. iii. p. 49 (1844) ; id. Gen. B. iii. 



p. 518 (1845) ; id. List £. v. p. 4 (1867) ; Elliot, P. Z. S. 1878, 



p. 252; Bucage, Orn. Anqola, p. 396 (1881) [S. of Mossamedes] ; 



Hohtb u. Pelz. Orn. Siiddfr. p. 182 (1882) [Orange & Vaal Rs.] ; 



Ay res. Ibis, 1886, p. 292 [Limpopo R.] ; Symonds, Ibis, 1887, 



p. 333 [Kroonstad, Orange Free State]. 

 Pteroclurus namaqua, Gurney's ed. Andersson's B. Bamaraland, 



p. 242 (1872) [Damaraland]. 

 Pterocles tachvpetes, Temm. Piq. et Gall. iii. pp. 274, 715 (1815) ; 



Steph. Shaw's Gen. Zool. xi. p."313 (1819) ; Wagl. Syst. Av. p. 282 



(1827); Latjard, B. S. Afr. p. 277 (1867) [Namaqualand] ; 



id. Ibis, 1869, p. 75 ; Ayres, Ibis, 1871, p. 262 [Transvaal]. 

 Pterocles simplex, Moux, Less. Traite Orn. p. 517 (1831). 



Adult male. Top of the head, nape, and neck ochraceous buff, 

 shading into vinaceous buff on the lower part of the chest, and into 

 orange-yellow on the throat and chin. Upper back, rump, and 

 upper tail-coverts duU olive-brown, each feather with a buff-grey 



