5. TETBAO. 59 



downwards and only slightlj' outwards. Bill black ; naked skin and 

 wattle above the eye scarlet ; feet dark brownish horn. Total length 

 20 inches, wing 8, tail 8-2, tarsus 2. 



Immature male {after the first moult). Feathers of the top of the 

 head and ear-coverts rufous, tipped with buff and spotted and 

 mottled with black ; rest of the upper parts rufous buff, shading 

 into greyish at the tips and finely mottled all over with black except 

 on the scapulars and lesser wing-coverts, where the black markings 

 are much coarser. Quills blackish brown ; primaries and their 

 coverts margined at the tip with white and most of the former 

 margined with pale buff along the margin of the outer web ; second- 

 aries and their coverts also white-tipped, the former rather coarsely 

 mottled with whitish on the outer parts of both webs ; chin and 

 sides of the head mostly white, spotted with black ; lower part of 

 throat uniform white ; front of neck narrowly barred with whitish 

 buff and black ; breast, sides, and flanks greyish buff, thickly and 

 finely mottled with black ; middle of lower breast and belly brownish 

 black ; under tail-coverts rufous, barred with black and tipped with 

 white ; under wing-coverts and axillaries white. Tail and upper 

 tail-coverts irregularly barred and mottled with rufous, buff, and 

 black, the latter colour predominating on the outer pairs of tail- 

 feathers, and all margined at the tip with white *. 



Adult female. Generally resembles the immature male, but the 

 tone on the upper pa,rts is less grey and the markings on the plumage 

 are much coarser ; the top of the head, neck, mantle, and chest are 

 barred with bufl and black, all the scapulars and feathers of the 

 lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts have a black sub terminal 

 blotch ; the tarsi are white, finely mottled with smoky brown, and 

 the axillaries and under wing-covtirts are white except a few of the 

 outer ones, which are barred with black or grey. Total length 16"6 

 inches, wing 7"7, tail 5'5, tarsus 1-85. 



Hob. Caucasus Mountains. 



a. c? ad. sk. Caucasus. GoiJd Coll. 



b-d. (S ad. et imm. sk. Caucasus. Count Branicki [P.]. 



^S- 6 ? fid. et (S imm. Ciscaucasia, Feb., Purchased. 



sk. Dec. 



3. TETRAOt. n. 



Type. 



Tetrao, Linn. S. N. i. p. 273 (17G6) T. urogallus. 



Uroji-allus, Scop, (ex Gfesner), Introd. Hist. Xat. p. 478 



(1777) T. urogallus. 



Tail composed of 18 feathers, rather long, rounded or wedge- 

 shaped, the middle pair being much longer than the outer pair. 



* This feraale-like plumage is retained throughout the first year, probably 

 till the second moult. In this respect this species differs entirely from L. (efrix, 

 in which tlie young male attains his black plumage at the Jirst moult and by 

 December closely resembles the old male. 



t Doubtful species, Lag optts ferrxig incus, Fraser, P. Z. S. 1844, p. 37 (Mexico). 



