94 PnASIANID.5E. 



Family II. PHASIANID.^. 



Nostrils never hidden by feathers. 



Tarsi partially or entirely naked, and often armed with spurs ; 

 toes naked, and never pectinate along the sides. 



Key to the Genera*. 



I. The cutting-edge of the lower mandible not 



serrated. 



a. First primary longer than or equal to the 



tenth primary t ; tail shorter, usually mucli 



shorter, than the wing ; sides of the head 



feathered, with or without a naked space 



surrounding the eye. (Perdicince.) 



a'. Upper half of tarsi covered with feathers 



(first primary equal to the third ; tail of 



14 feathers) 1. Lkrwa, p. 100. 



b'. Feathers on the tarsi scarcely extending 

 below the joint. 



a". Tail with 20 to 22 feathers 3. Tetraogallus, 



b". Tail with 16 to 18 feathers. [p. 103. 



a'". Tail | the length of the wing ; tarsi 

 of male armed with stout blunt 



spurs 2. Tetraophasis, 



b"'. Tail i the length of the wing ; tarsi [p. 102. 



of male without spurs 9. Perdix, p. 185. 



e". Tail with 14 feathers. 



c'". Tail half or more than half the 



length of the wing. 



«*. Throat covered with feathers. 



a'\ First primary is equal to tlie 



sixth ; sides and flanks strongly 



barred, in marked contrast to 



the rest of the plumage 4. Caccabis, p. 110. 



i\ First primary varies in length 

 between the seventh and the 

 tenth ; sides and flanks not 

 barred, or if barred do not 

 contrast with the rest of the 



underparts 6. Francolinus, 



b*. Throat naked (first primary is [p. 127. 



equal to or rather longer than 



the tenth) 7. Pternistes, 



d'". Tail less than half the length of the [p. 173. 



wing. 

 c*. Hind toe with a well-developed 



claw ; tarsi in male without [p. 205. 



spm's 13. Arboricola, 



* N.B. — The generic characters are founded on the males, and are thus not 

 always applicable to tlie females. 



t "if slightly shorter, as in FraiKolinus squamahis and F. schuetfi, the shortness 

 of the tail at once distinguishes them as I'enUchitp. 



