400 PHASIANID.E. 



Tail composed of 12 feathers, about f the length of the wing. 

 Tarsus shorter than the middle toe and claw. 



Range. South-western United States of North America and 

 Mexico. 



Kei/ to the Species. 



A. Chin and throat uniform deep black ; crest 



black. 



a. Feathers of the breast and belly edged 



with black; a chestnut patch in the 



middle of the belly calif ornic7is S , P- 400. 



b. Feathers of the breast and belly not edged 



with black ; a black patch in the middle 



of the belly gambeli S » P- 403. 



B. Chin and throat black, each feather margined 



all round with white ; crest pale rufous ; 



breast and belly with round white spots ... dowjlau S , P- 404. 



C. Chin and throat white, with dark shaft- 



stripes. 



c. Sides and Hanks dark olive-brown, with 



white shaft-stripes ; feathers of breast and 



belly margined with black californicus 5 , p. 400. 



d. Sides and flanks chestnut, with white 



shafts ; feathers of the breast and belly not 



margined with black gambeli J , p. 403. 



e. Sides and flanks dull olive-brown, spotted 



with white on the sides ; breast and belly 



spotted all over with white douglasi J , p. 404. 



1. Lophortyx californicus. 



Tetrao californicus, Shaw •$• Nodd. Nat. Misc. ix. pi. 345 (1797 ?). 

 Perdix californica, Lath. Ind. Orn. Siippl. p. Ixii (1801) ; Temm. 



Pig. et Gall. iii. p. 738 (1815) ; Vieill. N. Diet. d'Hist. Nat. xxv. 



p. 259 (1817) ; Aud. Orn. Biogr. v. p. 152, pi. 413 (1839). 

 Californian Quail, Lath. Gen. Syn. Suppl. ii. p. 281 (1802) ; id. Gen. 



Hist. viii. p. 328 (1823). 

 Ortyx californica, Steph. in Shaw's Gen. Zool. xi. p. 384 (1819) ; 



Less. III. Zool. text to pi. 52 (1831) ; Jard. Nat. Lib., Orn. iv. 



p. 126, pi. xi. (18.34) ; Jard. 8r Selb. III. Orn. i. text to pi. 38, & 



ii. text to pi. 107; And. B. A^ner. v. p. 67, pi. 290 (1842). 

 Coturnix californica, Vieill. Tabl. Encyul. Meth. i. p. 367 (1823). 

 Ortyx californicus. Less. Cent. Zool. p. 188, pi. 6l) (1830) ; Hutton, 



ibis, 1870, p. 397 [New Zealand], 1871, p. 447 ; id. Trans. N. 



Zeal. Inst. 1870, p. 80. 

 Lophortyx californica, Bonap. Comp. List, p. 42 (1838) ; Nutt. Man. 



Orn. i. p. 789 (1840) ; Baird, U. S. 8f Mex. Surv., Birds, p. 22 



(1859) ; Coop. 8r SucM. Rep. Eapl. Miss. Riv. xii. no. 3, p. 225 



(1860) ; Cones, B. N.-West. p. 4.39 (1874) ; Belding, P. U. S.Nat. 



Mus. i. pp. 391, 392, 439 (1879) [ Central California], v. pp. 528, 544 



(1883) [W. & S. Lower California]; Stejihens, Auk, i. p. 355 



(1884) [Colorado Desert]; Coues, Key N.Am. B. p. 592 (1884). 



