38 ANATID^. 



Adult. Entire plumage pure white ; lores, frontal tubercle, base 

 of the upper mandible, nostrils, nail, edges of the ujiper mandible, 

 and entire under mandible black, remainder of the beak reddish 

 orange ; legs and feet dull black ; irides hazel. Total length 

 4 feet 8 inches to 5 feet, wing 27 inches, tail 10, culmen 4-2, 

 tarsus 4*5. 



Female. Similar to the male, but somewhat smaller, the neck 

 more slender ; the tubercle at the base of the beak smaller. 



Young. Plumage almost a sooty grey ; neck and under surface of 

 the body lighter in colour ; beak lead-colour ; nostrils and the basal 

 marginal line black. 



Cygnets. Covered with soft brownish or dull ashy-grey down, 

 which on the lower throat and breast becomes much paler, almost 

 white ; bill and legs lead-grey. 



In this bird the keel of the sternum is simple, unprovided with 

 any cavity. 



I quite agree with Mr. Seebohm and others, who believe that the 

 so-called Polish Swan can only be regarded as a quasi-albino pro- 

 duced by domestication. None of the characters attributed to 

 C. immutahilis are constant. 



Hah. Denmark and South Sweden, South Russia, Valley of the 

 Danube, Transylvania and Greece, and passing the northern shores 

 of the Caspian, to Turkestan and Mongolia ; winters in the 

 southern portions of the Caspian, occasionally in the extreme north- 

 west of India, and in the basin of the Mediterranean. 



a. Ad. st. Nairn, N.B. {imrmdabilis). Duncan Baillie, Esq. [P.]. 



b. Juv. sk. Acbill Is., Ireland. J. E. Sheridan, Esq. [P.]. 



c. Ad. St. Gt. Britain. Dr. Dowler [P,]. 



d. Imm. st. Marshes near Horning, M. 0. Cooke, Esq. [P.]. 



Norfolk (immutahilis) . 



e. (S imm. sk. Brundall, Norfolk, Sept. Dr. R. Bowdler Sharpe 



{J. H. Fau-cett). [P.]. 



/. Juv. [head]. Yarmouth. J. E. Darting, Esq. [P.]. 



(/. Juv. St. Elver Severn. J. E. Johnson, Esq. [P.]. 



/(. Juv. sk. Poole Harbom", Dorset, Baron A. von Hiigel [P.]. 



Sept. 

 i. Pull. sk. Thames E. Gould Coll. 



k. Ad. [head]. Kingsbuiy. J. E. Darting, Esq. [P.], 



I. Ad. [head & Bashaw. Salvin-Godman Coll. 



legs]. 

 m. Juv. [head & Sidemi, L'ssnri, Oct. {Jan- Seebohra Coll. 



legs]. koivsjci/). 



n. Ad. sk. Sehwan District, Siudh, Hume Coll. 



Feb. ( Watson). 

 o. Imm. sk. Peshawar, June. Hume Coll. 



J>, q. cJ 2 juv. Jubbee Stream, nr. Hazara, Hume Coll. 



sk. and E. Pindee, Jan. ( JV. 



H. Unwin). (Types of C. wnvini, Hume.) 



r. Skeleton (immutabilts). 

 s,t. Skeletons. 

 u,v,w. Skulls. 



