6. CAIRINA. 53 



Cairina sylvestris, Sfepk. Gen. Zool. xii. 2, p. 79, pi. 46 (1824). 



PCaii-ina regia, Stejyh. op. cit. p. 82 (1824). 



Anas (Gymnathus) moschata, Nutt. Man. Orn. ii. p. 403 (1834). 



Anser moscliata, ISOrh. Voy. i. p. 108 (1835). 



Carina moschata, FA/ton, Mon. Anat. p. 142, pi. 1. ff. 5, 6 (trachea), 



pi. 3. f. 8 (sternum) (1838) ; id. Sijn. Anat. p. 100 (1869). 

 Hyonetta moschata, Sund. Meth. nat. A». disp. Tent. p. 146 (1872) ; 



Coues, B. N.- West, p. 559 (1874) ; Eckmv. Vog. d. Zool. Gdrt. 



p. 56 (1882) ; Fischer, J.f. O. 1885, p. 115 (domestic, E. Africa); 



Heine ^ Rchnw. Now. Mus. Hein. Orn. p. 345 (1890). 

 Hyonetta sylvestris, Heine &• Rchniv. I. c. (Brit. Guiana) (1890). 



Hyhrids. 



Anas bicolor, Donovan {nee VieilL), Br. B. ix. pi. 212 (1818) (= 



A. boschas X C. moschata). 

 Anas moschata x A. boschas, Licht. Verz. Doubl. p. 84, n. 868 



(1823). 

 Anas purpureo-viridis, Schinz, Neue Schweis. DenhscJir. i. p. 126, n. 1, 



pi. — (1837) ; id. Europ. Faun. p. 421 (1840) : Selys, Faun. Belg. 



p. 140, n. 242 (1842) ; Schleg. Rev. Crit. p. 108 (1844). 

 Anus peneo-rufa, jS'c^^k (!), ^p. Atti Riun. Se. Ital. Firenze, 1841, 



p. 318 (= A. boschas X C. moschata). 

 Anas maxima, Gosse, B. Jam. p. 399 (1847) ( = ?A. boschas x C. 



moschata) ; id. Jam. III. pi. ex. (1849) ; Rchnb. Syn. Av., Natatores, 



t. 87. f. 2555 (1850) (ex Gosse) ; Lawr. Ami. Lye. N. Y. viii. 



(1866) p. 296 (Lon<? Island) (1867). 

 Fuligula viola, Bell, 'Ann. Lye. N. Y. v. p. 219 (1852) (= A. boschas 



X C. moschata); id. J.f. O. 1855, p. 59. 

 Anas viridi-renea, Aliq.,Jide Bp. Compt. Rend, xliii. p. 649 (1856). 

 Anas iopareia, I'hil. Arch. Naturq. 1860, i. p. 24 ; Sclat. P. Z. S. 



1867, pp. 335, 340, 1868, p. 531 (= A. boschas x C. moschata). 

 Cairina moschata X Anas boschas, Lererk. J. f. O. 1890, pp. 220, 



221 ; Harteri, Kat. Vogelsamml. p. 329, n. 3393 (1891). 

 Cairina moschata c? X Tadorna vulpanser J , Leverk. I. c. p. 220. 

 Cairina moschata 5 X Anser cinereus c? , Leverk. J. f. 0. 1890, 



p. 221. 

 Cairina moschata $ X Anas clypeata (^ , Leverk. I. c. 

 Cairina moschata j x Tadorna aegyptiaca c? , Leverk. I. c. 



Adult male. Head, crest, neck, and lower parts brown-black ; 

 lower bind neck and back dark green with a purple gloss, each 

 feather margined with black ; scapulars, tertials, upper tail- 

 coverts, and tail glossy dark greeu ; upper and under wing-coverts, 

 like the axillaries, white ; primaries glossy black ; secondaries 

 metallic greeu, with a bluish lustre ; sides black, with a green 

 gloss : bill varied with blackish and pinkish white, but the caruncles 

 on the forehead and around the naked periocular skin bright pinkish 

 red; feet black ; iris brown-ycUow. Total length about 29 inches, 

 wing 14'5, tail 7'5, culmen 2-5, tarsus 2-3. 



Female. Similar to the male, but much smaller, and with no 

 caruncles on the head. Total length about 25 inches, wing 12'5, 

 tail o'5, culmen 2-1, tarsus 1"8. 



Immature birds are less glossy and have the wing-coverts brown- 

 black. 



