Anas hyperboreus, " Pall." Ridgw. Pr. Biol. Soc. Wash. ii. p. 107 



(1884). 



Adult. Uniform pure white, the head often stained with rusty ; 

 primaries black, becoming greyish basally, their coverts and the 

 alulfe ash-grey : bill purplish red, the nail whitish, and the inter- 

 tomial space black ; iris dark brown ; eyelids whitish ; feet purple- 

 or orange-red, the soles dingy yellow. Total length about 23-28 

 inches, wing 14-5-17, tail 6'30, culmen 1-95-2-3, tarsus 2-8-3-25. 



Young. Head, neck, and upper parts pale greyish ; the head 

 more or less tinged with rusty, this deepest anteriorly ; the feathers 

 of the upper parts with whitish edges, and (especially wing-coverts 

 and tertials) striped medially with darker ; rump, upper tail-coverts, 

 tail, and lower parts plain white : bill blackish ; feet plumbeous ; 

 irides brown. 



Hah. North-eastern Asia and Western Xorth America ; breeding 

 in Alaska, migrating south in winter to Japan in Asia, and in Ame- 

 rica to Southern California and the Mississippi Valley ; accidental 

 in Northern Europe. 



a, h. Ad. et juv. YokoLania, Oct. (H. Pnjer). Seebohm Coll. 

 sk. 



c. Ad.sk. Tokio Bay, Yokohama, Japan, Capt. Blakiston [P.]. 



March. 



d. Ad. sk. W. side Rocky Mts. J. K. Lord, Esq. [P.]. 

 e-l. fT ? ad. et Corpus Cbristi, Texas, Oct., Salvin-Godman Coll. 



$ juv. .sk. Nov., Dec. (F. B. Arm- 



strong). 

 m. Juv. sk. Chicago, Illinois, Oct. {E. Salvin-Godman Coll. 



W. Nelson). 



3. Chen nivalis. 



Anas nivalis, J\);v<!;. Phil. Tram. Ixii. p. 41.3 (1772) (Hudson's Bay). 



Snow Goose, Lath. Syn. iii. 2, p. 445, n. 10 (part.) (1785). 



Anas hvperborea, Gm. S. N. i. 2, p. 504, n. 54 (part.) (1788) ; ? Lath. 



Ind.'Orn. ii. p. 831, n. 14 (part.) (1790) ; ? Wils. Am. Orn. viii. 



p. 76, pi. 68. f. 5 (1814) ; Temm. Man. 2nd ed. ii. p. 816 (part.) 



(1820). 

 Anser hyperboreus, Bonn, (nee Pall) Enc. Meth. i. p. 112 (1790) {ex 



Forster) ; Pall. Zooqr. Rosso-As. ii. p. 227 (part., Hudson Bay) 



(1811) ; Bp. Syn. p". 376 (1828) ; Less. Tr. d'Orn. p. 628 (1831) ; 



Sio. ^ Rich. Faun. Bor.-Am. ii. p. 467 (1831) : Nutt. 3Ian. ii. 



p. 344 (18.34) ; Sw. Class. B. ii. p. 365 (1837) ; Aud. Orn. Biogr. 



IV. p. 562, pi. 381 (1838); id. Syn. p. 273 (1839); K. Sf B. 



Wirbelth. Eur. pp. ixxxviii, 223 (part.) (1840); ? Naum. Vdg. 



Deutschl. xi. p. 213 (part.) pi. 284 (1842); And. B. A7n. vi. 



p. 212, pi. 381 (1843) ; Giraud, B. Lonq I. p. 297 (1844) ; DeKay, 



N.Y. Zool. ii. p. 350 (1844) ; Schhq. Rev. Crit. p. clx (1844) ; G. 



R. Gr. Gen. B. iii. p. 607, n. 7 (part.) (1844) : ? Lemh. Av. Cub. 



p. Ill (1850) ; Woodh. Sitgr. Rep. p. 101 (1853) ; Putn. Pr. Ess. 



Inst. i. p. 219 (Massachusetts) (1856) ; Cass. Pr. Ac. Philad. 1856, 



p. 11 ; ? Cah. J.f. O. 1857, p. 225 (Cuba); Baird. B. N. Am. 



p. 760 (part.) (1858); id. Cat. N. Am. B. p. 563 (part.) (1859) ; 



