148 ANATID^. 



Adult. Fore part of the head, chin, and spot on the middle of the 

 throat white ; back of the head and upper part of the neck black, 

 lower neck chestnut ; back and scapulars brown, the feathers of the 

 upper part of the back with narrow fulvous bars, the feathers of the 

 middle part of the back and the scapulars margined with fulvous ; 

 in the centre of the back a chestnut patch ; lower back, rump, and 

 upper tail-coverts black ; centre of the underparts, vent, and imder 

 tail-coverts black ; sides and flanks whitish buff, barred with black ; 

 lesser wing-coverts chestnut, remainder of the wing-coverts slaty 

 black, the median ones and the tertials with an olive tinge ; quills 

 brown-black ; tail black ; iris dark brown : " bill with nail black, 

 with a grey crescent-like band behind the nail ; tarsi and feet with 

 membranes lead-colour " ( Wied). Total length about 17"5 inches, 

 wing 9, tail 2'5, culmen 2, tarsus 1'9. 



Female. Similar. 



Immature birds have the middle of the abdomen whitish mixed 

 with black. 



Young in down. Pale greyish brown above, whitish below and on 

 the sides of the head ; a dark band through the eyes from the 

 forehead backwards ; a white band across the occiput ; four whitish 

 spots on the sides of the back and two lower down on the sides of 

 the rump. 



There is no tangible difference between the American and 

 African birds ; occasionally specimens from both localities have the 

 white of the head slightly tinged with fulvous, and the white spot 

 on the middle of the throat not separated by a black band from the 

 white of the chin. 



Hah. West Indies, South America as far south as Argentine 

 Republic, Africa south of the Sahara, and Madagascar. 



a. Ad. st. No locality. Zoological Society. 



American specimens. 



h. Ad. sk. Bogota. Salvin-Godman Coll. 



c. Ad. sk. Brit. Guiana. Sir R. Schomburgk 



d,e. c? $ ad.sk. River Rupurumi, Brit. Guiana, Salvin-Godman Coll. 



May {H. Whitely). 



f. c? ad. sk. Lower Ucayale, May {E. H. J. Elwes, Esq. 



Bartlett). [P.]. 



p. 876, n. 107 (1790) ; Bonn. Enc. Meth. i. p. 159, pi. 40. f. 4 (1791) ; 



Vieill. N. D. v. p. 172 (1816) ; Dum. Diet. Sc. Nat. vi. p. 397 (1817). 

 Querqueclula maniUensis, Steph. Gen. Zool. xii. 1, p. 152 (1824). 

 Querquedula multicolor, G. B. Gr. Gen. B. iii. p. 616, n. 10 (1845) ; Bp. 



Compt. Bend, xliii. p. 650, n. 97 (1856); Wald. Tr. Z. S. ix.p. 242 



(1875); Twccdd. Om. Works, p. 404 (1881); Wardl. Bams., Tweedd. 



Orn. Works, p. 660 (1881). 

 Anas (Querquedula) maniUensis, v. Mart. J.f. 0. 1866, p. 31. 

 Nettapus pulchellus, part., Schleg. Mus. P.-B., Anseres, p. 77 (1866). 

 Anserella coromandeUca, part.?, G. E. Gr, Hand-list, iii. p. 77, n. 10594 



(1871). 



