338 anatidj:. 



Gaste, p. 130 (1872); Arrirt. degli Oddi, Atti Soc. Ital. Sc. Nat. 



xxxiv. fasc. 2, pp. 179-192 (1894). 

 Anas intermedia, Jaubert, Rev. et Mag. de Zool. 1852, p. 118 ( = Anas 



ferinax A. nyroca) ; A. Neiot. P. Z. S. 1860, p. 337. 

 Avthya homeyeri, Brehm, Vogelf. p. 380 (1855) ; id. Naumannia, 



"1 855, p. 298. 

 Avthyia ferina a. homeveri, Bp. Compt. Rend, xliii. p. 651, n. 142 a 



■(1856). 

 Aythyia ferina b. intermedia, Bp. I. c. n. 142 h (1856). 

 Aythyia ferina c. ferinoides, Bp. I. c. n. 142 c (1856). 

 Anas homeyeri, Homey. J.f. O. 1870, p. 433. 

 Fuligula ferina X^xsponsa, 8clat. List Vert. An. 8tli ed. p. 440 



(1883) ; Leverk. J.f. O. 1890, p. 224. 

 Fuligula ferina d' X F. cristata $ , Saimd. P. Z. S. 1886. p. 550. 

 Fuligula ferina xF. nyroca, Leverk. J.f. 0. 1890, p. 223; Alharda, 



J.f O. 1892, p. 429. 

 Fuligula ferina X F. cristata, Leverk. J. f. 0. 1890, p. 224. 

 Fuligula ferina xClangula glaucion, Leverk. ibid. 

 Fuligula ferina X Anas bosclias, Leverk. ibid. 

 Fuligula ferina x Anas obscura, Leverk. ibid. 

 Fuligula ferina X (Anas boschasxA. strepera), Leverk. ibid. 



Adult male. Head and upper neck rufous chestnut ; upper back, 

 lower neck, and upper breast aU round glossy black ; mantle, 

 scapulars, tertials, and upper parts lavender-white, finely vermicu- 

 lated with black ; romp, upper tail-coverts, and under tail-coverts 

 dull black ; lower breast almost white, scarcely vermiculated, and 

 gradually becoming darker on the lower abdomen and merging into 

 black on the under tail-coverts ; wing-coverts grey, more or less 

 vermiculated with white ; a grey speculum on the secondaries, the 

 inner ones edged with blackish on the outer web, all edged with white 

 at the tip ; primaries grey, darker at the tip and on the outer web ; 

 under wing-coverts and axillaries white, the marginal under wing- 

 coverts grey : tail brown-grey : bill black at the base and tip, the 

 intermediate space dull light blue ; legs dark lead-blue, webs nearly 

 black ; irides yellow. Total length about 18 inches, wing 8'5, 

 tail 2-6, culmen 2-2, tarsus 1-4. 



Adult female. Head and neck dull reddish brown, shading into 

 huffish white on the throat ; back and scapulars greyish brown, 

 vermiculated with blackish ; rump and upper tail-coverts black, 

 indistinctly vermiculated with greyish ; upper breast pale reddish 

 brown, the edges of the feathers whitish grey ; lower breast and 

 abdomen grey, becoming darker brown on the lower abdomen and 

 under tail-coverts, which, like the sides and flanks, are distinctly 

 vermiculated with blackish; wings and tail as in the male: bill 

 duller than in the male ; legs dull dark lead-grey. In size some- 

 what less than the male. 



Young males resemble the females, but have the brown of the 

 head and neck redder. 



Males in first ymptial dress differ from the adults in having the 

 chestnut of the head and neck paler, and the black of the breast and 

 upper back replaced by dark brown. 



JToMH^ Ml rfow«, according to Naumann, are dark brown on the 



