44. NTROCA. 341 



Avthva aniericana, Bidrd, B. N. Am. p. 793 (18-58) ; id. Cat. N. Am. 



^£.'n. 618 (18o9); Bn/nnt, Pr. Bost. Soc. N. H. vii. p. 122 



(Bahamas) (18-59) ; id. J. f. 0. 1861, p. -56 ; March, Pr. Ac. Philad. 



18i;4, p. 27 (Jamaica) ; G. R. Gr. Hand-lid, iii. p. 86, n. 10690 



(1871) ; Lmcr. Mem. Bod. Soc. N. H. ii. p. 31-5 (.Mazatlan) (1874) ; 



A. O. U. Check-list N. Am. B. p. 118, n. 146 (1876) ; Ridijw. Man. 



N. Am. B. p. 101 (1887) ; Corif, Auk, 1888, p. 66 ; id. B. W. lad. 

 ^ p. 267 (1889) ; Hatch, B. of Minnes. p. 5-5 (1892). 

 Nyroca ervtbrocephala, Heerm. (nee Brehm) P. R. R. Rep. x. pt. 4, 



V 70 (1859). 

 Aethyia ameiicana, Dress. Ibis, 1866, p. 43 (Texas) ; Broion, Ibis, 



1868, p. 426 (Vancouver I.) ; Sclat. ^- Salv. Nomencl. Av. Xeotrop. 



p. 130 (1873) ; Rid(/io. Nomencl. N. Ayn. B. n. 618 (1881) ; B., B., 



%■ R. Wafer-B. N. Am. ii. p. 36 (1884) ; Nehrl. J. f. 0. 1885, 



p. 147 (Illinois). 

 Avthva ferina, var. americana, Allen, Bull. Mus. C. Z. iii. p, 183 



■(1872). 

 Fuligula ferina, var. americana, Cones, Key, p. 289 (1872) ; id. Check- 

 list X. Am. B. n. 503 (1873); id. Birds N.-West, p. 575 (1874) ; 



Cory, B. Bahama I. p. 189 (1880) ; Dubois, Faun. Vert. Bely., Ois. 



ii. p. 473 (1892). 

 Fuligula ferina americana, Cones, Check-list N. Am. B. 2nd ed. 



p. 114, n. 723(1882). 

 Fulix ferina americana, Coues, Key N. Am,. B. 2nd ed. p. 702, n. 723 



(1884). 



Hijhrid. 

 Fuligula aniericana X F. marila (!), Leverk. J.f. 0. 1890, p. 224. 



Very similar to N. ferina, but the rich chestnut colour of the 

 head and upper half of neck glossed with purple ; abdomen white, 

 not vermiculated with dusky : biU pale blue, only the end black. 

 Size the same as that of ^V. ferina, or very little larger; wing 9*4 

 inches, culraen 2. 



Female. Head and neck greyish brown, darker above, the fore 

 part of the former lighter, almost white on chin and upper throat ; 

 back, scapulars, chest, sides, and flanks dull greyish brown, the 

 feathers tipped with paler or fulvous; abdomen whiter than in 

 N. ferina female. 



Younr/ in doivn. " Above ochraceous olive-brown, with an indistinct 

 yellowish spot behind each wing, another on the lower border of the 

 arm-wing, and a third on each side of the rump ; whole sides of 

 head and neck, with lower parts in general, deep buff-3-ellow, paler 

 and duller on belly and ventral region ; no dark markings on sides 

 of head " (liidguaif). 



Hah. Whole of North America, breeding from Maine and Cali- 

 fornia northward. 



a,b. S 2 a<i- st. No locality. Mr. Hadcraft [C.]. 



c. (S ad. sk. [England.] Tweeddale CoU. 



d. (5' ad.sk. Vancouver's Island (.Hi^yire-s). Salviu-Godman Coll. 

 *>/• d 2 sd. sk. 49th Parallel. N. America Boundary 



Commission [P.]. 

 g. 2 ad.sk. Fort DufEerin. N. America Boundary 



Commission [P.]. 



