384 ANATIDJ3. 



Platvpus barrowi, Reinh. [sen.), K. Dansk. Selsk. Naturvid. Afh. 

 1838, p. 103 ; id. Faun. Groenl. p. 21, sp. 8, f. 3 (1846). 



Fiiligula clangula, var., Aud. Orn. Biogr. v. p. 105, pi. 403 (1839) ; 

 id. Si/n. p. 292 (part.) (1839); id. B. Am. Yii. p. 362 (part.) 

 (1843). 



Anas baiTowii, Temm. Man. d'Orn. 2nd ed. iv. p. 551 (1840) ; 

 ScMeq. Bev. Crit. p. cxviii (1844) ; Pcissl. J.f. O. 1853, p. 319. 



Glaucion islandicum, K. 8f B. Wirbelth. Eur. pp. Ixxxvi, 229 (1840). 



Clangula islaudica, Bp. Cat. Met. Ucc. Eur. p. 74, n. 459 (1842) ; 

 G. R. Gr. List B. Brit. Mus. iii. p. 145 (1844) ; id. Gen. B. iii. 

 p. 622, n. 3 (1844) ; Rchnb. St/n. Av., Xatatores, t. 74. tf. 99-102 

 (1845); Reinh. J.f. O. 1854, p. 441 (Crreenland) ; Bp. Compt. 

 Rend, xliii. p. 651, n. 148 (1856) ; Reinh. Ibis, 1861, p. 14 (Green- 

 land, breeding) ; Baird, Ibis, 1867, p. 284 ; Deyl. ^- Gerb. Orn. 

 Eur. ii. p. 544 (1867) ; Sound. Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. ii. p. 200 

 (Valencia!) (1877) ; Dress. B. of Eur. vi. p. 603, pi. 441 (1878) ; 

 Sclnt. P. Z. S. 1880, p. 527 ; Ridffw. Nom. K Am. B. n. 619 

 (1881) ; Salv. Cat. B. Strickl. Coll. p. 538 (1882); Coues, Check- 

 list, 2nd ed. p. 115, n. 726 (1882) ; B. O. U. List Brit. B. p. 131 

 (1883) ; Kartl. J.f. O. 1883, p. 282 (Alaska) ; Cnies, Key N. Am. 

 B. 2nd ed. p. 704, n. 726 (1884) ; B., B., ^ R. Water-B. N. Am. 

 ii p. 41 (1884) ; Saund. in YarrelVs Hist. Brit. B. iv. p. 436 

 (1884-85) ; Tristr. Cat. Coll. B. p. 47 (1889) ; Dubois, Faun. Vert. 

 Belq., Ois. ii. p. 486, pi. 265 (1892) ; A. Neivt. Diet, of B. p. 369 

 (pt.'2, 1893). 



Bucephala islandica, Baird, B. N. Am. p. 796 (1858) ; id. Cat. N. 

 Am. B. n. 594 (1859) ; Elliot, Ann. Lye. Nat. Hist. N. Y. vii. 

 pp. 449-454 (1862) ; Boardm. Pr. Bost. Soc. N. H. ix. p. 129 

 (Maine) (1862) ; Blakist. Ibis, 1863, p. 148; Elliot, B. N. Am. ii. 

 pi. xlvi. (pt. 11, 1866); Coues, Pr. Ess. Inst. v. p. 300 (Xew 

 England) ; Dall S,- Bann. Tr. Chic. Acad. i. p. 98 (Sitka aud the 

 Yukon) (1869) ; G. R. Gr. Hand-list, iii. p. 87, n. 10698 (1871) ; 

 Coues, Key, p. 290 (1872) ; id. Check-list, n. 506 (1873) ; id. Birds 

 N.-West,'^. oil (1874). 



Glaucion islandicum, Kordm. J. f. O. 1864, p. 378 (Lapknd) ; 

 Brewer, Bull. Xutt. Orn. Club, iv. pp. 148-152 (1879) ; Jeffries, 

 ?. e.v. p.l89 (1880). 



Fuligula clangula, var. islandica, Palmen, J.f. O. 1876, p. 5S (Fin- 

 land). 



Fuligula (Glaucion) islandica, Rclmio. Orn. Centralbl. 1882, p. 5 ; id. 

 Viiy. zool. Giirt. p. 47 (1882). 



Glauoionetta islandica, Stejn. Pr. U.S. Nat. Mu.^.vm. p. 409 (1885) ; 

 Nelson, Nat. Hist. Coll. in Alaska, p. 72 (1887) ; Ridgio. Man. 

 N. Am. B. p. 105 (1887) : Shufeldt, Pr. U.S. Nat. Miis. xi. 

 p. 230 and foil., ff'. 19, 21, 26 (osteology) (1888) ; Hatch, B. of 

 Minnes. p. 65 (1892). 



Adult male. Head and neck black, glossed with purple ; at the 

 base of the bill, betvreen the bill aud the eye, is a cresceutic white 

 patch : lower part of the neck all round and remainder of under- 

 parts white: back, rump, upper tail-coverts, and Avings black; 

 scapulars with a silky white mark on the inner part, or along the 

 middle of the longer ones ; besides, the scapulars are bifid at the tip, 

 part of the outer web being much longer than the rest and pro- 

 jecting beyond the tip of the feather ; a long white patch on the 



