4GG ANATIDJE. 



Pnjer, Ibis, 1878, p. 215 (Jipan) ; Seeb. Ibis, 1879, p. 23 (Japan) ; 



Hume, Sir. Featli. viii. p. 115, n. 973 (1879) ; Hume S,- Marsh. 



Game B. of Ind. iii. p. 293, pi. 39 (1880) ; Bolau, J.f. O. 1880, 



p. 65 ; C. Sivinh. Ibis, 1882, p. 125 (S. Afghanistan) ; Rchmc. Orn. 



Centralbl. 1882, p. 3; id. Vog. zool. Gcirt. p. 42 (1882) ; B., B., ^ 



R. Wttter-B. N. Am. ii. p. 124 (1884) ; Badde, Ornis Caucas. 



p. 466 (1884) ; SteJ7i. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mtis. no. 29, p. 178 (Berino- 1.) 



(1885) ; Salvad. El. Ucc. Ital. p. 269 (1886) ; Tristr. Cat. Coll. B. 



p. 46 (N. America) (1889) ; Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Soc. (2) Zoul. v. 



p. 92 (1889) ; id. Sec. Turk. Miss., Aves, p. 133 (1891). 

 Mergellus minutus, Brehm, Naumannia, 1855, p. 299. 

 Mergulus {lapsu) albellus, Blakist. &f Fryer, Tr. As. Soc. Jap. viii. 



p. 187 (1880), X. p. 101 (1882); Blakist. Amend. List B. Jap. p. 9 



(1884). 



Adult male. General colour white ; a black patch on the lores, 

 surrounding also the eyes ; lower part of the crest black, with a green 

 gloss, forming a V-shaped mark on the sides of the occiput ; back and 

 rump black; upper tail-coverts grey, with lighter edges ; scapulars 

 white, with a black band along the outer edge ; two crescentic 

 black bands on the sides of the breast ; sides and flanks narrowly 

 waved with dark grey lines ; marginal wing-coverts blackish, the 

 central ones white, the greater ones, like the secondaries, black, 

 banded at the tip with white ; primaries blackish brown ; tertials 

 grey ; marginal under wing-coverts greyish brown, the central ones 

 and the axillaries white ; tail dark grey : bill of a bluish lead-colour, 

 the nail lighter ; irides bluish white ; legs and feet light bluish lead, 

 webs darker. Total length about 17 inches, wing 7'6, tail 4, 

 culraeu 1-25, tarsus 1-15. 



Female. Upper part of the head and nape chestnut-brown, rest of 

 the upper parts brown-grey, darker on the back and rump ; a brown- 

 black patch covers the lores and the cheeks ; throat and sides of the 

 neck pure white ; crop-region grey ; undcrparts white, sides and 

 flanks brown-grey ; scapulars brown-grey, like the back ; wings as 

 in the male, only duller ; tertials brown ; tail brown-grey. 



Young. Similar to the adult female, but the space between the 

 base of the bill and the eye, and also the cheeks, are chestnut 

 instead of black ; there are more dark feathers on the crop-region 

 and flanks, and the white patch on the wing is sufi'used with brown, 

 especially in the young females. 



Males in first nuptial dress have brown streaks on the hind-neck 

 and scapulars (Seehohm). 



Males in moulting -pilumage resemble adult females, but show the 

 two dark crescentic bands on the sides of the breast. 



Young in doivn. Upper parts, including the sides of the head 

 below the eye, but only the back of the neck, dark brown ; below 

 the eye a very small white spot ; white spots on the posterior edge 

 of the wing, on the sides of the back, just near the joint of the wing, 

 the sides of the rump, and on the flanks ; throat and sides of the 

 upper part of the neck conspicuously white ; crop-region dusky ; 

 flanks brown ; breast and abdomen white. 



Hah. Northern Palsearctic Region, from the Baltic to Eehring 



